布热津斯基“共产主义大失败”理论批判研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 20:52

【摘要】：兹比格涅夫·布热津斯基《大失败——二十世纪共产主义的兴亡》一书出版于1989年,书中提到的“共产主义大失败”这一核心理论体系在学术理论界至今仍具有很高的批判价值。本文集中批判的是《大失败》里具有代表性的五个理论,旨在揭露以布热津斯基为代表的西方资本主义通过“和平演变”毁灭共产主义的狂妄野心,号召人们坚定共产主义信念,批判一切诋毁共产主义的理论。全文共分五个部分: 第一部分是布热津斯基社会主义指导思想理论批判研究。本章首先阐述了布氏社会主义指导思想理论,指出其主要存在的三个不合理性在于无视马列主义对苏联和东欧的重要影响,对列宁主义和斯大林主义认识不清,将共产主义同法西斯主义、纳粹主义混为一谈。最后提出两个值得我们深思的问题:正确认识斯大林“一国建成社会主义理论”和斯大林模式。第二部分是布热津斯基东欧社会主义实践理论批判研究。本章首先阐述了布氏东欧社会主义实践理论,指出其主要的不合理性在于对东欧地区情况认识片面,推行“和平演变”蒙蔽东欧各国,最后提出两个值得我们深入思考的问题:如何选择适合本国发展的社会主义道路,如何警惕西方国家在社会主义国家推行“和平演变”。第三部分是布热津斯基中国改革理论批判研究。本章首先阐述了布氏中国改革理论,指出其主要的不合理性在于不了解无产阶级政党,歪曲中国的改革具有实用主义性质,对正统的马克思主义意识形态缺乏认识。最后指出我们应该正确认识私有制的存在和明确西方国家攻击无产阶级政党的真正意图。第四部分是布热津斯基共产主义吸引力理论批判研究。本章首先阐述了布氏共产主义吸引力理论,继而指出其主要存在的不合理性在于歪曲基本概念、简化重要理论,断言共产主义学说过时,孤立地看待矛盾的普遍性和特殊性。最后通过批判得出结论:马克思主义没有过时。第五部分是布热津斯基共产主义未来发展理论批判研究。本章首先阐述了布氏共产主义未来发展理论,指出其不合理性在于认为只有抛弃了内在本质的共产主义才能兴旺发达,认识问题的视域太过局限。最后提出我们应该正视西方国家口中的“人权”,深入思考共产主义的未来。最后,我们根据布热津斯基的“共产主义大失败”重新审视了苏联模式的弊端,并总结了它带给我们的教训。
[Abstract]:Zbigniew Brzezinski, "Great failure-rise and fall of Communism in the Twentieth Century." published in 1989. The core theory system of "the Great failure of Communism" mentioned in the book is still highly critical in the academic circle. This paper focuses on criticizing the five representative theories in "Great failure", aimed at exposing the arrogant ambition of western capitalism, represented by Brzezinski, to destroy communism through "peaceful evolution". Call on people to strengthen their communist beliefs and criticize all theories that denigrate communism. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first part is the critical study of Brzezinski's socialist guiding ideology theory. This chapter first expounds the theory of the guiding ideology of Boo's socialism, and points out that the three main irrationality lies in ignoring the important influence of Marxism-Leninism on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and in not knowing Leninism and Stalinism clearly. Mix communism with fascism and Nazism. Finally, two questions worth pondering are put forward: to correctly understand Stalin's theory of "one country building socialism" and Stalin's model. The second part is the critical study of Brzezinski's socialist practical theory in Eastern Europe. This chapter first expounds the theory of socialist practice in Boucher's Eastern Europe, and points out that its main irrationality lies in the one-sided understanding of the situation in Eastern Europe, and the practice of "peaceful evolution" deceiving the countries of Eastern Europe. At last, the author puts forward two questions that deserve our deep consideration: how to choose the socialist road suitable for our own development, and how to guard against the "peaceful evolution" of the western countries in the socialist countries. The third part is the critical study of Brzezinski's reform theory in China. This chapter first expounds the theory of China's reform, and points out that its main irrationality lies in the lack of understanding of the proletarian party, the distortion of China's reform has the nature of pragmatism, and the lack of understanding of the orthodox Marxist ideology. Finally, it is pointed out that we should correctly understand the existence of private ownership and clarify the real intention of western countries to attack proletarian political parties. The fourth part is the critical study of Brzezinski's theory of communist attraction. This chapter first expounds the theory of the attraction of communism, and then points out that its main irrationality lies in distorting the basic concept, simplifying the important theory, asserting that the theory of communism is out of date, and looking at the universality and particularity of contradiction in isolation. Finally, by criticizing the conclusion: Marxism is not out of date. The fifth part is the critical study of Brzezinski's theory of the future development of communism. This chapter first expounds the theory of the future development of Boo's communism, and points out that its irrationality lies in the belief that only by abandoning the inherent nature of communism can it flourish and flourish, and that the horizon of understanding problems is too limited. Finally, we put forward that we should look squarely at the "human rights" in western countries and think deeply about the future of communism. Finally, we reexamine the shortcomings of the Soviet model and summarize its lessons in the light of Brzezinski's Great defeat of Communism.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D091

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