当代民主建设:制度移植的风险

发布时间：2018-11-16 13:18

【摘要】：当代民主建设主要是以西方经验为基础的制度转型。政治学借鉴经济学和医学研究将这种制度转型称为"制度进口"或"制度移植"。目前西方制度移植研究主要聚焦在被移植国的制度构建上。西方学者不仅关注移植西方政治和法律制度的可能性,而且研究制度移入对象国的具体形式。现有西方研究多数指出民主和宪政是冲突后国家建设的核心,不仅有利于民族国家重建,也有利于与邻国建立和平关系。不过,部分西方学者指出,小布什政府强行推进西方民主践踏了全世界人民对民主的信任,损害了美国作为民主"推进者"的形象。美国应该反躬自省,加强国内民主建设。原苏东地区国家的民主建设面临三重挑战,现有研究对这些挑战的论述过于简化。后社会主义国家制度转型必须考虑"接受国"的自身特征和历史传统。
[Abstract]:Contemporary democratic construction is mainly based on the western experience of institutional transformation. Political science uses economics and medical research for reference to call this institutional transformation "institutional import" or "institutional transplantation". At present, the study of institutional transplantation mainly focuses on the institutional construction of the transplanted countries. Western scholars not only pay attention to the possibility of transplanting western political and legal systems, but also study the specific forms of institutional migration into the target countries. Most of the existing western studies point out that democracy and constitutionalism are the core of the building of a post-conflict state, which is not only conducive to nation-state reconstruction, but also conducive to establishing peaceful relations with neighboring countries. However, some Western scholars point out that the Bush administration has trampled on the people's trust in democracy and damaged the image of the United States as a "promoter" of democracy. The United States should reflect on itself and strengthen democracy at home. The former Soviet Union and Eastern countries face triple challenges to democracy construction, and the existing studies on these challenges are too simplistic. The system transformation of post-socialist countries must take into account the characteristics and historical traditions of the receiving countries.
【作者单位】：国立莫斯科大学政治科学系;华东政法大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：D082

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