公民参与公共政策制定的成本收益研究
发布时间：2019-02-09 14:49
【摘要】： 公民参与公共政策制定是我国民主政治建设的基本组成部分,也是构建和谐社会的必要保证。一方面,公民参与公共政策制定可以满足公众参与的权利和愿望,实现多元利益的包容和整合,从而提升政策的科学性和实践性;另一方面,公民参与公共政策制定可以减少政策执行的阻力,降低政策制定的成本,从而增强政策的合法性基础。基于此,本文从成本效益分析的角度探讨我国公民参与公共政策制定问题,具有实践和理论上的双重意义。 本文首先从公民参与公共政策制定一般概念出发,对公民参与公共政策制定的理论基础进行了梳理;并着重分析了成本和收益分析概念和涵义,从目标确定、列举成本收益、分析影响成本收益的相关因素、计算成本收益、得出结论五个方面对成本收益分析步骤进行了阐释;探讨了成本收益与公民参与公共政策制定两者之间的联系。通过以上三部分的梳理,基本上奠定了本文的理论研究基础。 在理论阐释的基础上,本文从成本和收益分类构成的角度对公民参与公共政策制定成本和收益进行了探讨,即分为经济性、社会性和制度性三类;并试图从逻辑起点、构建思路、基本模型三个层面构建当前我国公民参与公共政策制定的成本和收益模型,这是本文的重点也是关键;随后,本文以《广州市养犬管理条例》为例,通过对该案例中公民参与条例制定的原因、过程分析,以成本和收益分析模型为分析工具,对该案例中成本和收益问题进行分析探讨。 最后,本文在理论和模型实证的基础上,以降低参与成本、提高参与收益为根本价值导向,从四个方面提出了公民参与公共政策制定的成本收益策略,即注重推广成本收益理念,从公民自身和政府两个层面强化成本收益分析的效率理念;积极完善公民参与的条件,从公民文化、参与渠道、电子政务、法律制度等层面探讨降低公民参与成本的对策;规范参与流程,从公民参与公共政策制定各流程中分析增强公民参与收益的方法;健全评价机制,从科学设计评价指标、完善评价制度、注重定性定量相结合的方法健全成本和收益评价体系。
[Abstract]:Citizen participation in the formulation of public policy is a basic part of the construction of democratic politics in China, and also a necessary guarantee for building a harmonious society. On the one hand, citizen participation in the formulation of public policy can meet the rights and aspirations of public participation, and achieve the inclusion and integration of multiple interests, thereby enhancing the scientific and practical nature of the policy; On the other hand, citizen participation in public policy making can reduce the resistance of policy implementation and reduce the cost of policy making, thus strengthening the legitimacy basis of policy. Based on this, this paper discusses the problem of citizen participation in public policy making from the angle of cost-benefit analysis, which has both practical and theoretical significance. Firstly, this paper starts from the general concept of citizen participation in public policy making, and combs the theoretical basis of citizen participation in public policy making. The concept and meaning of cost and income analysis are emphatically analyzed, and the steps of cost-benefit analysis are explained from five aspects: target determination, enumeration of cost and income, analysis of relevant factors affecting cost and income, calculation of cost and income, and conclusion of five aspects. The relationship between cost-benefit and citizen participation in public policy making is discussed. Through the above three parts of combing, basically laid the theoretical research foundation of this paper. On the basis of theoretical explanation, this paper discusses the costs and benefits of citizen participation in the formulation of public policies from the perspective of the classification of costs and benefits, which are divided into three categories: economic, social and institutional; And attempts from the logical starting point, constructs the train of thought, the basic model three levels constructs our country citizen to participate in the public policy formulation the cost and the income model, this is the article the focal point also is the key; Then, taking the canine management regulations of Guangzhou as an example, this paper analyzes the reasons and process of citizen participation regulations in this case, and takes the cost and benefit analysis model as the analysis tool. The cost and income in this case are analyzed and discussed. Finally, on the basis of theory and model, this paper puts forward the cost-benefit strategy of citizen's participation in public policy from four aspects, aiming at reducing the cost of participation and improving the benefit of participation. Namely pay attention to popularize the cost-benefit idea, strengthen the efficiency idea of cost-benefit analysis from two aspects of citizen itself and government; Actively improve the conditions of citizen participation, from the citizen culture, participation channels, e-government, legal system and other aspects of reducing the cost of citizen participation countermeasures; Standardizing the process of participation and analyzing the methods of enhancing the benefits of citizen participation from the processes of citizen participation in public policy making; Perfect the evaluation mechanism, design the evaluation index scientifically, perfect the evaluation system, pay attention to the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, perfect the evaluation system of cost and benefit.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D035
本文编号：2419070
[Abstract]:Citizen participation in the formulation of public policy is a basic part of the construction of democratic politics in China, and also a necessary guarantee for building a harmonious society. On the one hand, citizen participation in the formulation of public policy can meet the rights and aspirations of public participation, and achieve the inclusion and integration of multiple interests, thereby enhancing the scientific and practical nature of the policy; On the other hand, citizen participation in public policy making can reduce the resistance of policy implementation and reduce the cost of policy making, thus strengthening the legitimacy basis of policy. Based on this, this paper discusses the problem of citizen participation in public policy making from the angle of cost-benefit analysis, which has both practical and theoretical significance. Firstly, this paper starts from the general concept of citizen participation in public policy making, and combs the theoretical basis of citizen participation in public policy making. The concept and meaning of cost and income analysis are emphatically analyzed, and the steps of cost-benefit analysis are explained from five aspects: target determination, enumeration of cost and income, analysis of relevant factors affecting cost and income, calculation of cost and income, and conclusion of five aspects. The relationship between cost-benefit and citizen participation in public policy making is discussed. Through the above three parts of combing, basically laid the theoretical research foundation of this paper. On the basis of theoretical explanation, this paper discusses the costs and benefits of citizen participation in the formulation of public policies from the perspective of the classification of costs and benefits, which are divided into three categories: economic, social and institutional; And attempts from the logical starting point, constructs the train of thought, the basic model three levels constructs our country citizen to participate in the public policy formulation the cost and the income model, this is the article the focal point also is the key; Then, taking the canine management regulations of Guangzhou as an example, this paper analyzes the reasons and process of citizen participation regulations in this case, and takes the cost and benefit analysis model as the analysis tool. The cost and income in this case are analyzed and discussed. Finally, on the basis of theory and model, this paper puts forward the cost-benefit strategy of citizen's participation in public policy from four aspects, aiming at reducing the cost of participation and improving the benefit of participation. Namely pay attention to popularize the cost-benefit idea, strengthen the efficiency idea of cost-benefit analysis from two aspects of citizen itself and government; Actively improve the conditions of citizen participation, from the citizen culture, participation channels, e-government, legal system and other aspects of reducing the cost of citizen participation countermeasures; Standardizing the process of participation and analyzing the methods of enhancing the benefits of citizen participation from the processes of citizen participation in public policy making; Perfect the evaluation mechanism, design the evaluation index scientifically, perfect the evaluation system, pay attention to the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, perfect the evaluation system of cost and benefit.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D035
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