马基雅维里悖论解析

发布时间：2019-03-03 18:12

【摘要】：马基雅维里的政治思想充满着明显的悖论,这些悖论集中体现于他关于理想国家、政治主体和伦理道德的主要观点之中。这些悖论不仅在政治思想史上有着深远的意义,而且也有其认识论的和现实政治的基础,应当着重从方法论原则、政治制度、社会转型和个性品质等角度去分析产生这些悖论的主客观原因。马基雅维里的悖论,深刻地反映了天国与尘世、人性与兽性、传统与近代、理想与现实之间的张力和矛盾。马基雅维里既先知般地发现了人类政治发展的规律和趋势,又深刻地洞察了政治统治的策略和权谋。远离贪婪自私、不择手段、欺诈陷害、暴力专制、残酷无情等违逆人类本性和历史潮流的"马基雅维里主义"消极遗产,在新的历史条件下弘扬马基雅维里所倡导的理性、尊严、自由、民主和共和,是人类政治发展和文明进步的唯一正道。
[Abstract]:Machiavelli's political thoughts are full of obvious paradoxes, which are embodied in his main views on ideal country, political subject and ethics. These paradoxes not only have far-reaching significance in the history of political thought, but also have the basis of epistemology and realistic politics. They should focus on the principles of methodology and political system. Social transformation and personality quality to analyze the subjective and objective causes of these paradoxes. The paradox of Machiavelli profoundly reflects the tension and contradiction between heaven and earth, human nature and animality, tradition and modern times, ideal and reality. Machiavelli not only discovered the law and trend of human political development, but also deeply understood the tactics and tactics of political rule. Stay away from the negative legacy of "Machiavelli", which is contrary to human nature and historical trends, such as greed, selfishness, fraud, tyranny, cruelty, and so on, and promote the rationality advocated by Machiavelli under new historical conditions. Dignity, freedom, democracy and republic are the only right ways of human political development and civilized progress.
【作者单位】：北京大学政府管理学院;
【分类号】：D091

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