罗明坚《中国地图集》研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 15:36

本文选题：罗明坚 + 地理研究　；参考：《贵州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：16-17世纪之交来华耶稣会士罗明坚(Michel Ruggieri,1543-1607)编绘了《中国地图集》,这是西方人首次采用拉丁文标注中国地名的中国地图集,当时未能出版,以手稿的形式保存在意大利多处档案馆内。直到1993年被后人整理出版,逐渐引起国内外学者的重视。2013年,澳门文化局组织学者将罗明坚中国地图集译为中文,命名为《大明国图志—罗明坚中国地图集》。其在中西文化交流史上的学术价值正在不断地被发掘。本文首先对《中国地图集》中的文字部分进行研究。将其与《大明一统文武诸司衙门官制》(简称《大明官制》)进行比较,考察罗明坚在引用中文材料时做了哪些取舍,探讨罗明坚的文字介绍里展示了怎样的中国形象。笔者认为,罗明坚重点保留的是有关中国的行政区划、道里远近、机构设置等方面的内容,突出了“学校”这样的教育机构。文字介绍中多溢美之词,可以看出他想展示的是一个文明开化、形式完整的中国形象。如此安排的背后,则是出于扩大传教的需要,希冀引起西方人的兴趣。其次对罗明坚《中国地图集》中的地图进行研究,以首幅地图“Tamincvo”(大明国)为代表,研究罗明坚地图绘制的方法及其所参考的中文资料。可以发现,罗明坚的地图也参考了《大明官制》中的地图。对地图集中的分省图做进一步研究,可以看出罗明坚采用了多种方法来绘制地图,既有使用西法绘图,也有临摹中国舆图的方式。总体来说,通过研究这部地图集,能更加了解16-17世纪之交西方人对中国的认知程度。它是西方人绘制的首部中国地图集,罗明坚《中国地图集》第一次以多图分省的方式介绍了中国,对中国认知的准确性大大超越了前代。在罗明坚的地图集之后,又相继出现耶稣会士卜弥格(Michael Boym)和卫匡国(Martino Martini)绘制过中国地图集,西方人对中国的地理研究不断深入。罗明坚《中国地图集》也存在着许多不足,但这些不足都可归结为时代的局限、自然科学的局限、中文材料的局限等等,使得罗明坚不可能超越那个时代,绘制出一部精准的地图集。但就16-17世纪来说,则是一部具有开创意义的中国地图集。直到今天,仍然具有其学术研究价值。
[Abstract]:At the turn of the 16-17 century, the Jesuits Luo Mingjian and Michel Ruggierier 1543-1607 compiled the Atlas of China, which was the first Chinese atlas in which Westerners used Latin to mark Chinese geographical names. It was not published at that time and was kept in various Italian archives in the form of manuscripts. In 2013, the Macao Cultural Bureau organized scholars to translate Luo Mingjian's China Atlas into Chinese and named it "Daming State Tu Zhi-Luo Mingjian China Atlas". Its academic value in the history of cultural exchange between China and the West is constantly being excavated. In this paper, the first part of the Chinese Atlas of the text is studied. This paper compares it with the "Daming monolithic system of Wushu" ("Daming official system"), investigates what choices Luo Mingjian made when quoting Chinese materials, and probes into what kind of Chinese image Luo Mingjian has shown in his written introduction. The author thinks that what Luo Mingjian focuses on is the contents of administrative division, far and near road, institution setting and so on, which highlight the educational institution such as "school". In the introduction, we can see that he wants to show a civilized and complete image of China. Behind such arrangements is the need to expand preaching in the hope of arousing the interest of westerners. Secondly, the map in Luo Mingjian's Atlas of China is studied. Taking the first map "Tamincvo" as the representative, the method of drawing the map of Luo Mingjian and the reference Chinese data are studied. It can be found that Luo Mingjian's map also refers to the map in Daming official system. Through further study of the provincial map in the map set, it can be seen that Luo Mingjian has adopted many methods to draw the map, not only by using the Western method of drawing, but also by copying the Chinese map. In general, by studying this atlas, we can better understand the level of western understanding of China at the turn of the 16-17 th century. It is the first Chinese atlas drawn by westerners. Luo Mingjian's China Atlas introduces China in the way of multiple maps and provinces for the first time. The accuracy of cognition of China is much higher than that of previous generations. After Luo Mingjian's atlas, Jesuits Michael Boymand and Wei Kuangguo Martino Martinique drew the atlas of China. Luo Mingjian's Atlas of China also has many shortcomings, but these shortcomings can all be attributed to the limitations of the times, the limitations of natural science, the limitations of Chinese materials, and so on, which make it impossible for Luo Mingjian to surpass that era. Draw a precise atlas. But as far as the 16-17 th century is concerned, it is a pioneering atlas of China. To this day, it still has its academic research value.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K207.8

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