明清江西抚州桥梁的修建

发布时间：2018-05-21 19:59

本文选题：明清桥梁 + 抚州　；参考：《南昌大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：通过对明清抚州桥梁的考察，本文主要探讨了桥梁修建的主体方式、资金来源等问题。并在此基础上，本文深入探讨官府与民间的互动关系，尤其是官府与绅士之间的互动关系，以及绅士阶层对地方社会的重要影响。明清时期，抚州分为抚州府和建昌府，修建了大量的桥梁。桥梁的修建主要分为官修、民修两种方式，但不同时期各有侧重。明代前期，，官府修建桥梁的费用来源于地方税收和官员捐俸，但其主导地位开始下降。明代中后期，赋役制度进行了改革，“一条鞭法”开始推行全国，劳役折算成货币，把力役改为雇役。地方政府不能随便派役，便把修建桥梁等地方公共事务让渡到民间完成。清代前中期，民间修建桥梁已经处于绝对的优势地位，而绅士更是修建了大量的桥梁，进一步提高了他们的威望。而地方官府的行政能力更是下降，只是起着引导、监督的作用。晚清以后，民间仍然扮演着重要的角色，但是，绅士的地位有所下降。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of the bridge in Fuzhou in Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper mainly discusses the main way of bridge construction and the source of funds. On this basis, this paper deeply discusses the interaction between the government and the civil, especially the interaction between the government and the gentleman, as well as the important influence of the gentry on the local society. In Ming and Qing dynasties, Fuzhou was divided into Fuzhou and Jianchang, and a large number of bridges were built. The bridge construction is mainly divided into two ways, official repair, civil repair, but different periods have their own emphasis. In the early Ming Dynasty, the government built bridges from local taxes and official donations, but its dominant position began to decline. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the system of duty service was reformed, the "one whip law" began to carry out the whole country, the labor was converted into currency, and the servitude was changed into the servitude. The local government should not arbitrarily assign the local public affairs, such as building bridges, to the private sector. Before and in the middle of Qing Dynasty, the civil construction of bridges had been in an absolute dominant position, and the gentlemen built a large number of bridges, which further improved their prestige. And the administrative capacity of the local government is declining, only plays the role of guidance, supervision. After the late Qing Dynasty, the folk still played an important role, but the status of gentlemen declined.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K248

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