湘中信义会自立历史研究
发布时间：2018-08-07 12:54
【摘要】：近代以来,基督教在中国经历过一个从依赖差会到逐渐自立的过程,中西合作的差会体制下的自立运动是中国基督教史的重要方面。因地域、派别的不同,中国基督教自立运动呈现出多样性特征。作为内陆地区的教义相对保守的教会,湘中信义会的自立具有神学上注重以信仰推动自立、经济上缩减少教会支出、组织上注重教会管理等特征。湘中信义会的自立运动随着时代发展经历了从起步到高涨再经受挫折的曲折发展历程。在初创阶段,该会即倡导教会联合运动,并实行初步的自立举措。到20世纪二三十年代,通过提出自立主张、注重信仰基础上的信徒自立、调整教会管理等举措,其自立运动得以发展。抗战胜利后,湘中总会落实中华信义会注重青年工作的方针,大力推进青年事工,以此为契机推动教会的自传运动,因此时的湘中信义会处于战争环境中,加之通货膨胀等因素的影响,该会的自养在此阶段出现了衰退。湘中信义会的自立运动在挪威差会的指导下推行,挪威差会的自养计划在一定程度上推动了湘中总会的自立。然而,在中西合作基础上实行的自养计划,本身包含着中国信徒与传教士之间的矛盾。根据自养计划,差会和总会之间的职责界线并不十分明确,这不免导致差会和总会员工之间产生矛盾和紧张关系。随着自养计划的推行,必然出现一个排斥差会领导权的教会结构,而这与该计划设计的体制相悖。这些矛盾也阻碍了湘中信义会自立的实现。总的来看,湘中总会的自立运动既深受本宗派教义的内在影响,也深受本地区社会经济状况的制约,它是中国教会领袖和普通基督徒在差会的指导之下逐步推行的。从自立运动的结果看,此阶段湘中总会的自治已经实现,而自传也在差会的协助下顺利推行。而作为教会"三自"核心的自养方面,尽管其教育、医疗事业已基本实现自养,但其教会的自养程度较低,其自养并未实现。新中国成立后,传教士相继撤离中国大陆,湘中信义会切断与挪威差会的联系,开展了"三自"革新运动。在此过程中,形成了相关记忆。湘中信义会教会记忆史中,本土基督徒对该会的自立运动予以重构。这种重构在"三自"革新运动提供的现实框架之下进行,它是在"反帝"语境下对湘中总会自立历史的重构和过滤,在较大程度上否定了其自立进程,实际上这是在新的历史条件下对湘中信义会自立运动的另一种阐述,体现出较强的时代性,也为人们从另一种角度认识湘中信义会的自立运动提供了一个视角。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Christianity has experienced a process from dependence to independence in China, and the self-supporting movement under the system of Chinese and Western cooperation is an important aspect of Chinese Christian history. Because of the different regions and schools, the Christian self-support movement in China presents a diversity of characteristics. As a relatively conservative church in inland area, the independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church is characterized by theological emphasis on promoting independence by faith, economic reduction of church expenditure, and organizational emphasis on church management. With the development of the times, the independence movement of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church experienced a tortuous course from the beginning to the upsurge and then to the setback. In its infancy, the association advocated the United church movement and carried out initial initiatives of independence. In the 1920s and 1930s, the self-supporting movement was developed by putting forward the stand of self-reliance, emphasizing the independence of believers on the basis of belief, and adjusting the management of the church. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Central Hunan Federation carried out the policy of paying attention to the work of youth by the Chinese Lutheran Church, and vigorously promoted the work of the youth ministry, thus taking this opportunity to promote the church's autobiographical movement. At this time, the faith in central Hunan would be in a war environment. In addition, inflation and other factors, the association's self-care at this stage of the recession. The self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church of Central Hunan was carried out under the guidance of the Norwegian missionary Society, and the self-support plan of the Norwegian Lutheran Association promoted the independence of the Central Hunan General Assembly to a certain extent. However, the self-care scheme based on the cooperation between China and the West contains contradictions between Chinese believers and missionaries. According to the self-care plan, the line of responsibilities between the club and the association is not very clear, which inevitably leads to contradictions and tensions between the association and its employees. With the implementation of the plan, there must be a church structure that excludes the leadership of the poor society, which is contrary to the system designed by the plan. These contradictions also hindered the realization of independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Society. On the whole, the self-supporting movement of the Central Hunan Federation was deeply influenced by the doctrine of this sect and restricted by the social and economic conditions of the region. It was gradually carried out by the Chinese church leaders and ordinary Christians under the guidance of the missionary Church. From the results of the self-supporting movement, the autonomy of the Central Hunan General Assembly has been realized in this stage, and the autobiography has been carried out smoothly with the help of the poor association. As the core of the church's "three self-care", although its education and medical service have basically realized self-support, the degree of self-support in its church is relatively low, and its self-care has not been realized. After the founding of New China, missionaries left the Chinese mainland one after another. In this process, the formation of related memories. In the memory history of the Church of the Lutheran Church in Central Hunan, local Christians reconstruct the self-supporting movement of the Church. This kind of reconstruction is carried out under the realistic frame provided by the "Three-Self" reform movement. It is the reconstruction and filtering of the history of independence of the General Assembly of Central Hunan in the context of "anti-imperialism", and to a large extent negates its process of self-reliance. In fact, under the new historical conditions, it is another kind of exposition of the independence movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan, which embodies the strong epochal character, and also provides a visual angle for people to understand the self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan from another angle.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B979
本文编号：2170080
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Christianity has experienced a process from dependence to independence in China, and the self-supporting movement under the system of Chinese and Western cooperation is an important aspect of Chinese Christian history. Because of the different regions and schools, the Christian self-support movement in China presents a diversity of characteristics. As a relatively conservative church in inland area, the independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church is characterized by theological emphasis on promoting independence by faith, economic reduction of church expenditure, and organizational emphasis on church management. With the development of the times, the independence movement of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church experienced a tortuous course from the beginning to the upsurge and then to the setback. In its infancy, the association advocated the United church movement and carried out initial initiatives of independence. In the 1920s and 1930s, the self-supporting movement was developed by putting forward the stand of self-reliance, emphasizing the independence of believers on the basis of belief, and adjusting the management of the church. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Central Hunan Federation carried out the policy of paying attention to the work of youth by the Chinese Lutheran Church, and vigorously promoted the work of the youth ministry, thus taking this opportunity to promote the church's autobiographical movement. At this time, the faith in central Hunan would be in a war environment. In addition, inflation and other factors, the association's self-care at this stage of the recession. The self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church of Central Hunan was carried out under the guidance of the Norwegian missionary Society, and the self-support plan of the Norwegian Lutheran Association promoted the independence of the Central Hunan General Assembly to a certain extent. However, the self-care scheme based on the cooperation between China and the West contains contradictions between Chinese believers and missionaries. According to the self-care plan, the line of responsibilities between the club and the association is not very clear, which inevitably leads to contradictions and tensions between the association and its employees. With the implementation of the plan, there must be a church structure that excludes the leadership of the poor society, which is contrary to the system designed by the plan. These contradictions also hindered the realization of independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Society. On the whole, the self-supporting movement of the Central Hunan Federation was deeply influenced by the doctrine of this sect and restricted by the social and economic conditions of the region. It was gradually carried out by the Chinese church leaders and ordinary Christians under the guidance of the missionary Church. From the results of the self-supporting movement, the autonomy of the Central Hunan General Assembly has been realized in this stage, and the autobiography has been carried out smoothly with the help of the poor association. As the core of the church's "three self-care", although its education and medical service have basically realized self-support, the degree of self-support in its church is relatively low, and its self-care has not been realized. After the founding of New China, missionaries left the Chinese mainland one after another. In this process, the formation of related memories. In the memory history of the Church of the Lutheran Church in Central Hunan, local Christians reconstruct the self-supporting movement of the Church. This kind of reconstruction is carried out under the realistic frame provided by the "Three-Self" reform movement. It is the reconstruction and filtering of the history of independence of the General Assembly of Central Hunan in the context of "anti-imperialism", and to a large extent negates its process of self-reliance. In fact, under the new historical conditions, it is another kind of exposition of the independence movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan, which embodies the strong epochal character, and also provides a visual angle for people to understand the self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan from another angle.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B979
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