论鸠摩罗什的佛典翻译及其历史贡献
发布时间：2018-10-20 17:48
【摘要】： 佛教与基督教、伊斯兰教并称为世界三大宗教。它是在公元前六世纪到五世纪由古北印度迦毗罗卫国净饭王的儿子乔达摩·悉答多创立的。两汉之际，佛教已逐渐向东传入中国。 佛教传入中国后，它独特的宗教信仰深入到中国人的精神生活和传统文化之中，在长期的流传演变和发展过程中，佛教日益适应汉民族和其它少数民族的特点，逐渐变成中国式的佛教。公元十三世纪初，印度佛教被外来势力所消灭，事实上，中国成了佛教的第二母国。二千年来，佛教不仅扩大了中国思想界认识的深度和广度，而且还丰富了中国人民的文化生活和信仰生活，并带来了复杂的社会影响和多重的社会后果。 在中国，佛教的传播是与佛教经典的译介同步进行的。从安息王子安世高成为译经先锋开始，无数中外高僧大德共同努力，掀起了一场轰轰烈烈的佛经翻译运动。这其中有一个重要而特殊的人物，他就是东晋姚秦时代的名僧鸠摩罗什。 鸠摩罗什祖籍天竺，生于龟兹。早年曾四处游学修行，于佛学有着极高的天赋，后成为名德高僧。前秦主苻坚素闻其名，于建元十八年(公元382年)派吕光攻打龟兹，其动机虽不是专为迎请鸠摩罗什，但这也是他一个主要的出发点。后因故鸠摩罗什在凉州停留了17年，直到58岁时才被后秦主姚兴迎请到长安，71岁时在长安去世。鸠摩罗什在长安前后十一年多时间，所译佛经，据《高僧传》记载为三百余部；《祜录》卷二载为三十五部，二百九十四卷；《开元释教录》卷四为七十四部三百八十四卷。现存三十九部，三百一十三卷。 鸠摩罗什在中国佛教史上占有重要的地位。他对佛教传播、佛经翻译以及僧尼管理制度的确立，特别是对佛教文献学都做出了巨大的贡献，并且产生了积极而深远的影响。 本文旨在介绍鸠摩罗什其人其事及他译经的特点，，使大家充分认 识他在佛教发展史上的特殊地位，并通过对他的介绍，把握佛教的发 展脉络及其中国化的进程。
[Abstract]:Buddhism and Christianity and Islam are known as the three major religions in the world. It was founded between the sixth and fifth centuries BC by Gautama Sittaddo, son of the King of Gapilavi in Guabei India. By the time of the Han Dynasty, Buddhism had gradually spread eastward to China. Since Buddhism was introduced into China, its unique religious beliefs have penetrated into the spiritual life and traditional culture of the Chinese people. In the course of its long-term evolution and development, Buddhism has increasingly adapted to the characteristics of the Han nationality and other ethnic minorities. Gradually became Chinese Buddhism. In the early 13 th century AD, Indian Buddhism was destroyed by foreign forces. In fact, China became the second home country of Buddhism. In the past two thousand years, Buddhism has not only expanded the depth and breadth of the understanding of the Chinese ideological circle, but also enriched the cultural and religious life of the Chinese people, and brought about complex social influences and multiple social consequences. In China, the spread of Buddhism goes hand in hand with the translation of Buddhist scriptures. Since Prince of Peace an Shigao became a pioneer in the translation of the scriptures, numerous Chinese and foreign eminent monks and great virtues have worked together to set off a vigorous translation movement of Buddhist scriptures. One of these important and special characters is the famous monk Hatotomorosh in the Eastern Jin and Yao Qin dynasties. Hatotomushi was born in Qiuzi, a native of Tianzhu. In his early years, he traveled around to learn and practice. He was highly gifted in Buddhism and later became a monk of virtue. Fu Chien-su, the former Qin master, heard his name, and in eighteen years Yu Jianyuan (AD 382) sent Lu Guang to attack Qiuzi, although his motive was not specifically to welcome Hatoamorosh, but this was also his main starting point. Hatotomushi stayed in Liangju for 17 years before being invited to Chang'an by Yao Xingying, 58, and died in Changan at 71. More than 11 years before and after Changan, Hatoyama translated more than three hundred Buddhist scriptures according to the Biography of the High Monk; the second volume of the Hu Lu was 35 copies, 294 volumes; and the fourth volume of Kaiyuan's interpretation of Buddhism was 74 384 volumes. There are 39 books and 313 volumes. Hatoyama occupies an important position in the history of Chinese Buddhism. He has made great contributions to the spread of Buddhism, the translation of Buddhist scriptures and the establishment of monastic and nuns management system, especially to the study of Buddhist literature, and has had a positive and far-reaching impact. The purpose of this paper is to introduce Hatoamorosh's affairs and the characteristics of his translation. To make everyone fully aware of his special position in the history of Buddhism, and to introduce him through his introduction. Grasp the development of Buddhism and the development of the process of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：B949
本文编号：2283926
[Abstract]:Buddhism and Christianity and Islam are known as the three major religions in the world. It was founded between the sixth and fifth centuries BC by Gautama Sittaddo, son of the King of Gapilavi in Guabei India. By the time of the Han Dynasty, Buddhism had gradually spread eastward to China. Since Buddhism was introduced into China, its unique religious beliefs have penetrated into the spiritual life and traditional culture of the Chinese people. In the course of its long-term evolution and development, Buddhism has increasingly adapted to the characteristics of the Han nationality and other ethnic minorities. Gradually became Chinese Buddhism. In the early 13 th century AD, Indian Buddhism was destroyed by foreign forces. In fact, China became the second home country of Buddhism. In the past two thousand years, Buddhism has not only expanded the depth and breadth of the understanding of the Chinese ideological circle, but also enriched the cultural and religious life of the Chinese people, and brought about complex social influences and multiple social consequences. In China, the spread of Buddhism goes hand in hand with the translation of Buddhist scriptures. Since Prince of Peace an Shigao became a pioneer in the translation of the scriptures, numerous Chinese and foreign eminent monks and great virtues have worked together to set off a vigorous translation movement of Buddhist scriptures. One of these important and special characters is the famous monk Hatotomorosh in the Eastern Jin and Yao Qin dynasties. Hatotomushi was born in Qiuzi, a native of Tianzhu. In his early years, he traveled around to learn and practice. He was highly gifted in Buddhism and later became a monk of virtue. Fu Chien-su, the former Qin master, heard his name, and in eighteen years Yu Jianyuan (AD 382) sent Lu Guang to attack Qiuzi, although his motive was not specifically to welcome Hatoamorosh, but this was also his main starting point. Hatotomushi stayed in Liangju for 17 years before being invited to Chang'an by Yao Xingying, 58, and died in Changan at 71. More than 11 years before and after Changan, Hatoyama translated more than three hundred Buddhist scriptures according to the Biography of the High Monk; the second volume of the Hu Lu was 35 copies, 294 volumes; and the fourth volume of Kaiyuan's interpretation of Buddhism was 74 384 volumes. There are 39 books and 313 volumes. Hatoyama occupies an important position in the history of Chinese Buddhism. He has made great contributions to the spread of Buddhism, the translation of Buddhist scriptures and the establishment of monastic and nuns management system, especially to the study of Buddhist literature, and has had a positive and far-reaching impact. The purpose of this paper is to introduce Hatoamorosh's affairs and the characteristics of his translation. To make everyone fully aware of his special position in the history of Buddhism, and to introduce him through his introduction. Grasp the development of Buddhism and the development of the process of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：B949
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 邓联合;佛教为什么能够被中国化[J];南京师大学报(社会科学版);2001年02期
2 石磊;中国佛教艺术的民族化形式初探[J];思茅师范高等专科学校学报;2000年04期
3 陈义海;从佛教与中国文化关系谈跨文化传通[J];盐城师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版);1999年04期
本文编号：2283926
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