试论当代藏传佛教在内地传播的原因、特点和发展趋势

发布时间：2018-11-07 19:19

【摘要】： 在全球化背景下,社会关系和社会交往日趋开放和丰富,不同文化的习俗、道德、价值观和生活方式也通过跨文化传播的模式延伸并渗透到异质文化中,其中宗教的跨文化传播显得尤其引人注目。一般而言,文化的传播受到接纳者社会文化环境的制约,佛教在两千五百多年的传播过程中,涉及到不同的民族、地域、文化和时代,由于始终坚持“合理契机”的宏传原则,最终得以形成现代佛教的三大支系。改革开放以后,在世俗化倾向日益浓厚、现代化进程不断加速的当代中国社会,内地城市成为藏传佛教再度东渐的主要区域,那么,藏传佛教得以重新在内地复传并兴盛的因缘和契机是什么?又是何种原因使得越来越多的汉族人舍弃近在眼前的汉传佛教,反而投入与自身文化背景迥然不同的藏传佛教的怀抱?当代藏传佛教在内地传播的状况与特点如何?这些问题都值得学界进行深入的探讨。本研究运用实地调研、深入访谈以及问卷统计等相关社会学及人类学方法,来考察内地藏传佛教的传播状况；借鉴跨文化传播和文化选择等理论,分析藏传佛教在内地发展的原因和特点。全文共四部分。第一章包括选题动机、研究目的、相关研究现状和研究方法,并对论文所涉及的范畴加以规定。第二章主要论述当代藏传佛教在内地的传播状况,从信仰主体、宗教活动场所、宗教仪式以及宗教行为等方面着手,呈现当代藏传佛教在内地发展的特点。第三章的第一部分重点分析当代藏传佛教在内地再度复传的原因,从五方面进行考量：政策环境及经济原因、信仰者心理因素、当代汉传佛教面临的挑战、藏传佛教的特色、藏族文化的神秘色彩；当代藏传佛教在内地的发展前景也是值得关注的问题之一,因此第三章第二部分重点探讨藏传佛教在传播过程中因需要顺应内地信仰者的价值取向、思维方式和信仰习俗而出现的新趋向。文章最后对当代藏传佛教在内地的传播状况、特点等进行了总结。附录部分,主要是本研究中涉及到的问卷、访谈名单及其它相关资料。认识和研究当代藏传佛教在内地传播的现状与发展趋势不仅具有学术价值,而且具有重要的现实意义,但国内与此相关的研究相当少见。笔者在此次研究中做了较大胆的尝试,选择内地藏传佛教信仰者作为主体来解读当代藏传佛教的再度东渐,以弥补相关研究的不足。本课题的研究价值主要在于：第一、在一定程度上展示了当代藏传佛教东渐的图景及特点。第二、通过研究,分析探讨了当代藏传佛教得以在内地复兴的“机”与“理”。本论文仅是一个尝试性的研究,希望能够抛砖引玉。限于笔者才疏学浅,文中错谬之处在所难免,敬请诸多有识之士批评指正。
[Abstract]:In the context of globalization, social relations and social exchanges are becoming increasingly open and rich. Customs, morals, values and lifestyles of different cultures also extend and permeate into heterogeneous cultures through the mode of cross-cultural communication. The cross-cultural communication of religion is especially noticeable. Generally speaking, the dissemination of culture is restricted by the social and cultural environment of the recipient. In the course of the spread of Buddhism for more than 2500 years, it involves different nationalities, regions, cultures and times, because it always adheres to the principle of "reasonable opportunity". Finally, three branches of modern Buddhism were formed. After the reform and opening up, in the contemporary Chinese society with a strong trend of secularization and accelerating modernization, inland cities have become the main areas where Tibetan Buddhism is once again spreading eastward, so, What are the reasons and opportunities for Tibetan Buddhism to resume and flourish in the mainland? What is the reason why more and more Han people abandon the Han Buddhism in front of them, and instead they fall into the embrace of Tibetan Buddhism, which is very different from their own cultural background? What are the status and characteristics of the dissemination of Tibetan Buddhism in the interior? These problems are worthy of the academic circles to carry on the thorough discussion. This study uses field research, in-depth interviews, questionnaire statistics and other relevant sociological and anthropological methods to investigate the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in the mainland. Based on the theories of cross-cultural communication and cultural choice, this paper analyzes the reasons and characteristics of Tibetan Buddhism's development in the interior. There are four parts in this paper. The first chapter includes the motivation, the purpose, the current situation and the research methods, and defines the categories involved in the thesis. The second chapter mainly discusses the dissemination of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism in the mainland, from the main belief, religious activities, religious ceremonies and religious behavior, presents the characteristics of the development of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism in the mainland. The first part of the third chapter focuses on the analysis of the reasons for the re-transmission of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism in the mainland, considering from five aspects: the policy environment and economic reasons, the psychological factors of believers, the challenges faced by contemporary Han Buddhism, and the characteristics of Tibetan Buddhism. The mysterious color of Tibetan culture; The development prospect of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism in the mainland is also one of the issues worthy of attention. Therefore, the second part of the third chapter focuses on the need to conform to the value orientation of the mainland believers in the process of Tibetan Buddhism spreading. A new trend in the way of thinking and belief in customs. Finally, the article summarizes the dissemination and characteristics of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism in the interior. In the appendix part, the questionnaire, interview list and other relevant materials are mainly involved in this study. It is not only of academic value but also of practical significance to understand and study the present situation and development trend of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism spread in the interior. In this study, the author made a bold attempt to choose the inland Tibetan Buddhism believers as the main body to interpret the contemporary Tibetan Buddhism once again eastward, in order to make up for the lack of relevant research. The research value of this subject lies in: first, to a certain extent, it shows the picture and characteristics of the eastward spread of contemporary Tibetan Buddhism. Second, through the research, analyzes and discusses the contemporary Tibetan Buddhism in the inland rejuvenation "the opportunity" and "the principle". This paper is only a tentative study, hoping to be able to lead. Limited to the author, the error of the text is inevitable, please a lot of insightful criticism and correction.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：B948

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