马克思主义无神论的形成轨迹和基本思想
发布时间：2018-12-18 20:11
【摘要】：以往的无神论可分为四种形态,在人类历史上起过解放思想,塑造先进文化,提升人的精神诉求等的积极作用。但是,在社会历史领域却背离了唯物论,因而是不彻底的无神论。马克思主义唯物史观的创立,标志着科学的、彻底的无神论的形成。根据1845年的《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》、1859年的《〈政治经济学批判〉序言》、1878年的《反杜林论》、1888年的《费尔巴哈与德国古典哲学的终结》可以概括为本文第三部分中所阐述的五个要点。为此,在理论上应分清一种学说形成的起点与学说体系内在层次之间关系的起点。历史上任何一个完整的理论,其学说可以划分为核心、基本理论、派生理论等几个层次。马克思主义哲学的理论核心就是辩证的、实践的唯物主义,贯彻到社会历史领域就是社会存在决定社会意识,经济基础决定上层建筑。马克思主义政治经济学从批判古典经济学出发,剩余价值学说的逻辑起点是商品的两重性,然而核心是剩余价值论。马克思主义无神论的形成与成熟受制于唯物史观的形成与成熟。本文详细叙述了这个过程,澄清了学术界的一些误读。
[Abstract]:Atheism in the past can be divided into four forms, which has played a positive role in emancipating the mind, shaping advanced culture and promoting human spiritual demands in human history. However, in the field of social history, it deviates from materialism and is not completely atheism. The creation of Marxist historical materialism marks the formation of scientific and thorough atheism. According to the outline of Feuerbach in 1845, the preamble to critique of political economy in 1859, the Anti-During Theory in 1878, Feuerbach and the end of German classical philosophy in 1888 can be summarized as five main points in the third part of this paper. Therefore, in theory, we should distinguish the starting point of formation of a theory and the starting point of the relationship between the inner level of the theory system. Any complete theory in history can be divided into core, basic theory, derivation theory and so on. The theoretical core of Marxist philosophy is dialectical and practical materialism, which means that social existence determines social consciousness and economic basis determines superstructure. Marxist political economics starts from criticizing classical economics. The logical starting point of surplus value theory is the duality of commodities, but the core is surplus value theory. The formation and maturity of Marxist atheism is restricted by the formation and maturity of historical materialism. This paper describes this process in detail and clarifies some misunderstandings in academic circles.
【作者单位】： 浙江大学哲学系;
【基金】：浙江大学人文学院2017年社科基金项目成果
【分类号】：B91
本文编号：2386433
[Abstract]:Atheism in the past can be divided into four forms, which has played a positive role in emancipating the mind, shaping advanced culture and promoting human spiritual demands in human history. However, in the field of social history, it deviates from materialism and is not completely atheism. The creation of Marxist historical materialism marks the formation of scientific and thorough atheism. According to the outline of Feuerbach in 1845, the preamble to critique of political economy in 1859, the Anti-During Theory in 1878, Feuerbach and the end of German classical philosophy in 1888 can be summarized as five main points in the third part of this paper. Therefore, in theory, we should distinguish the starting point of formation of a theory and the starting point of the relationship between the inner level of the theory system. Any complete theory in history can be divided into core, basic theory, derivation theory and so on. The theoretical core of Marxist philosophy is dialectical and practical materialism, which means that social existence determines social consciousness and economic basis determines superstructure. Marxist political economics starts from criticizing classical economics. The logical starting point of surplus value theory is the duality of commodities, but the core is surplus value theory. The formation and maturity of Marxist atheism is restricted by the formation and maturity of historical materialism. This paper describes this process in detail and clarifies some misunderstandings in academic circles.
【作者单位】： 浙江大学哲学系;
【基金】：浙江大学人文学院2017年社科基金项目成果
【分类号】：B91
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