论闽南文化与妈祖信仰的关系

发布时间：2019-04-01 23:04

【摘要】：妈祖信仰发端于莆田湄洲岛,经千百年扩散、传播、丰富发展成为中华文化的重要组成部分。历史上闽南与莆田有着密切的地缘关系,林默娘的生活年代,湄洲归泉州管辖,故《元史》称其为"泉州神女"。元以降,闽南人驰骋海上,逐利争锋,莫不视妈祖为保护神,特别是康熙年代,闽南籍将领施琅、蓝理等以妈祖助战,统一台湾为由,奏请清廷"崇加敕封",其封号遂由妃升后,神格无以伦比,影响愈加广泛,闽南人自发地成为海外妈祖信仰的最重要传播者。随着明末清初的大批闽南商人迁居台湾,他们遂成为台湾地区妈祖信仰的传承者和推动者。在台湾,祭拜妈祖不仅有祈福消灾的现实诉求,更有怀祖寻根的文化内涵。由于地缘关系和世代相承的对海上女神———妈祖的崇敬、信仰,闽南人在促成妈祖信仰国际化的过程中功不可没。
[Abstract]:Ma Zu faith originated in Putian Meizhou Island, through thousands of years of diffusion, spread, rich development has become an important part of Chinese culture. History of Minnan and Putian has a close geographical relationship, Lin Mo Niang's life, Meizhou is under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou, so the Yuan History called it "Quanzhou Divine daughter." In the Yuan Dynasty, the people of South Fujian galloped in the sea, competing for profit and fighting for a front. It was necessary to regard Ma Zu as the protector, especially in the Kangxi era, Fujian generals Shi Lang, Lan Li and so on took Ma Zu to assist in the battle and reunify Taiwan on the grounds that they invited the Qing court to "uphold the imperial seal." After the title was raised by the concubine, the influence became more and more extensive, and the Minnan people spontaneously became the most important propagator of Ma Zu's belief abroad. As a large number of businessmen from southern Fujian moved to Taiwan in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, they became the inheritors and promoters of Ma Zu's beliefs in Taiwan. In Taiwan, offering worship to Ma Zu not only has the realistic appeal of praying for blessing and eliminating disaster, but also has the cultural connotation of seeking root with Huai Zu. Due to the geographical relationship and the reverence and belief of Ma Zu, the goddess of the sea, the Minnan people played an important role in promoting the internationalization of Ma Zu's belief.
【作者单位】：漳州师范学院;漳州师范学院闽南文化研究院;
【分类号】：B933

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