唐山市丰南区土壤重金属污染特征研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 16:00

【摘要】：唐山市丰南区位于河北省东部沿海地区,区内重工业发达。工业生产所排放的大量污染物会造成土壤的重金属污染。研究土壤重金属污染情况及其分布规律,对本地区的土壤重金属污染治理工作具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文以唐山市丰南区境内表层土壤为研究对象,研究了丰南区土壤理化性质、重金属含量及其空间分布特征;以国家环境保护部颁布的《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995)为评价标准,运用单因子指数法和尼梅罗综合指数法对土壤质量和重金属污染特征进行评价,研究唐山市丰南区境内表层土重金属污染情况;探讨了唐山市丰南区表层土壤重金属污染来源,并提出相应的防治措施。主要研究结果如下:1)丰南区土壤重金属含量:As9.483mg/kg,Cd0.068 mg/kg,Cr84.798 mg/kg,Cu23.138 mg/kg,Hg0.027 mg/kg,Ni25.813 mg/kg,Pb22.888 mg/kg,Zn68.142 mg/kg。重金属空间变异特征研究表明:As的变异程度属于弱变异,表明其空间分布比较均匀,受人为因素影响较小;Hg和Ni属于强变异,表明其空间差异较大,受人为因素影响较大;其余元素属于中等变异。2)在单项重金属污染评价中,丰南区境内的Cd、Cu、和Hg污染程度较小;As、Ni、Pb和Zn在个别地区出现轻度污染;Cr在全区35.7%的地区为轻度污染,在个别地区出现中度污染。3)在综合污染评价中,丰南区内清洁面积占总面积的26.19%,潜在污染区占总面积的42.86%,受轻度污染地区占总面积的30.95%。4)从产业分布来看,重工业集中地区土壤重金属污染情况较以传统种植业、畜牧养殖业等地区严重。
[Abstract]:Tangshan Fengnan District is located in the eastern coastal region of Hebei Province, the region of heavy industry developed. Heavy metal pollution in soil can be caused by a large amount of pollutants emitted from industrial production. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the situation and distribution of heavy metal pollution in soil in this area. In this paper, the physical and chemical properties, heavy metal contents and their spatial distribution characteristics of the topsoil in Fengnan District of Tangshan City were studied, and the soil Environmental quality Standard (GB15618-1995) issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection was used as the evaluation standard. Single factor index method and Nimero comprehensive index method were used to evaluate the soil quality and heavy metal pollution characteristics, to study the heavy metal pollution in the surface soil of Fengnan District, Tangshan City, and to explore the sources of heavy metal pollution in the surface soil of Fengnan District, Tangshan City. And put forward the corresponding prevention and cure measures. The main results are as follows: (1) heavy metal content in the soil of Fengnan District was:% As9.483 mg / kg CD 0.068 mg 路kg ~ (-1) Cr _ (84.798) mg 路kg ~ (-1) Cu 23.138 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) Hg ~ (0.027) mg 路kg ~ (-1) Ni25.813 mg 路kg ~ (-1) Pb 22.888 mg / kg Zn 68.142 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1). The study on the spatial variation of heavy metals showed that the variation degree of as was weak, which indicated that the spatial distribution of the heavy metals was relatively uniform, and the influence of human factors on Hg and Ni was strong, which indicated that the spatial variation of the heavy metals was quite different and affected by human factors. In the assessment of single heavy metal pollution, the pollution degree of CD, Cu and Hg in Fengnan District was lower than that in some areas. The slight pollution of Cr and Pb in some areas was mild pollution, and Cr was slightly polluted in 35. 7% of the areas in the whole area. In the comprehensive pollution assessment, the clean area in Fengnan District accounted for 26.19% of the total area, the potential polluted area accounted for 42.86% of the total area, and the mildly polluted area accounted for 30.95.4% of the total area. Heavy metal pollution in heavy industry areas is more serious than that in traditional planting and animal husbandry areas.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X53

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