玛河流域地表水重金属特征分析及评价

发布时间：2018-10-12 10:47

【摘要】：研究目标:基于近年来新疆农业、工业和城市化建设的飞速发展,对地表水环境产生一定的影响,本研究以玛纳斯河流域的玛河三个断面、蘑菇湖、大泉沟、夹河子为研究对象,研究地表水中重金属含量的污染情况,分析污染程度和污染来源,并对其进行综合评价。研究内容:(1)、石河子地区地表水重金属的含量及其来源分析。(2)、石河子地区地表水中重金属元素空间分布规律及其特征。(3)、对照水质标准评价该研究区地表中重金属含量的适用性。(4)、针对重金属污染提出的预防和治理污染的建议和措施。研究意义:在水资源日益紧张和工业日益发达的的背景下,研究新疆石河子地区地表水中重金属的污染程度,可为石河子地区以及周边城市安全合理调配水资源提供数据基础,对于促进工业和生活造成的水体污染有一定的警示作用,同时研究水体重金属污染对于水资源的开发利用和可持续发展具有重要的理论与现实意义。研究成果:(1)通过对不同采样点的检测数据统计分析,表明其地表水中的Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb浓度均未超标,且各采样点的重金属浓度变化不大。少数点位(蘑菇湖、大泉沟)含量略高,但都小于地表水环境质量II级标准。(2)从Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb在地表水中的浓度差异和主要分布情况来看,虽然Cu和Zn的含量均未超标,但是浓度相对偏高,研究其分布情况,污染源主要是来自工业排放和农排水。(3)石河子地区蘑菇湖和大泉沟水库两个点位的地表水中重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的浓度均比石河子地区要高,由于石河子地区蘑菇湖是城市废水排放的主要区域,因此进一步说明了人类的生活以及生产活动排放是磨菇湖和大泉沟水库重金属含量增大的主要因素。(4)分别对蘑菇湖水库进水区水体下层的重金属监测分析得知,其重金属浓度含量要高于其它采样点,尤其Pb浓度较高,通过污染指数评价得知,水体重金属含量都符合国家Ⅳ级水质标准要求,该区域水源可以满足农业生产和水产养殖的用水需求。
[Abstract]:Research objectives: based on the rapid development of agriculture, industry and urbanization in Xinjiang in recent years, the surface water environment has been affected to a certain extent. The pollution of heavy metals in surface water was studied, the pollution degree and source were analyzed, and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out. The contents and sources of heavy metals in surface water of Shihezi area were analyzed. (2) the spatial distribution and characteristics of heavy metal elements in surface water of Shihezi area. (3) the surface heavy metals in the study area were evaluated according to the water quality standard. Applicability of quantity. (4) suggestions and measures to prevent and control pollution caused by heavy metal pollution. Research significance: under the background of increasing water resources shortage and industrial development, studying the pollution degree of heavy metals in the surface water of Shihezi area, Xinjiang, can provide a data basis for the safe and rational allocation of water resources in Shihezi area and surrounding cities. It has a certain warning function to promote water pollution caused by industry and daily life. At the same time, the study of heavy metal pollution in water body has important theoretical and practical significance for the development and utilization of water resources and sustainable development. The results are as follows: (1) through the statistical analysis of the data of different sampling points, the results show that the concentration of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb in surface water is not over the standard, and the concentration of heavy metals in each sampling point has little change. The content of a few sites (mushroom lake, Daquangou) is slightly higher, but it is smaller than the II grade standard of surface water environmental quality. (2) according to the concentration difference and main distribution of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb in surface water, although the contents of Cu and Zn are not exceeding the standard, But the concentration of heavy metal Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd in the surface water of Shihezi area is higher than that in Shihezi area, and the concentration of heavy metal Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd in the surface water is higher than that in Shihezi area. As the mushroom lake in Shihezi area is the main area for municipal wastewater discharge, Therefore, it is further explained that the human life and the discharge of production activities are the main factors for the increase of heavy metal content in the Mushroom Lake and Daquangou Reservoir. (4) the monitoring and analysis of heavy metals in the lower layer of the water body in the influent zone of the Mushroom Lake Reservoir are made. The concentration of heavy metals was higher than that of other sampling sites, especially the concentration of Pb was higher. Through the evaluation of pollution index, it was found that the heavy metal contents in water all met the requirements of national grade 鈪，

本文编号：2265824