水平井自动相选择控制阀控水完井技术研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 04:26

本文关键词：水平井自动相选择控制阀控水完井技术研究　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水平井作为一种少井高产的高效开采手段,已大量用于薄层油藏、底水油藏、裂缝性油藏、稠油油藏、海洋浅水和深水油藏以及非常规油藏的开发,但在不同类型油藏(特别是底水油藏)的生产过程中其暴露出的问题也日益突出,主要表现为油藏底水脊进过快,导致水平井含水率快速上升,而现有的找水堵水作业十分困难,严重影响了水平井开采综合效益,已成为制约其高效开发的技术瓶颈。为此,针对目前我国底水油藏水平井开采面临的技术难题和现实问题,本文在分析和总结目前国内外水平井底水脊进机理和控水方法的基础上,研制出了一种新的控水工具并形成了配套的控水完井理论。在充分调研国内外自动流入控制器(AICD:Autonomous Inflow Control Device)类型的基础上,结合目前我国的大部分底水油藏(或有气顶)都进入中高含水期的现状,研发了一种新的AICD控水工具——自动相选择控制阀(该工具已申报国家专利),借助计算流体动力学软件(CFD)模拟了流体在其内部的流动过程,阐明了其控水和控气原理,同时对流场、流体敏感性、控水和控气效果以及抗冲蚀能力进行了分析,并与前人提出的喷嘴式ICD(Inflow Control Device,流入控制器)作了对比,模拟结果表明:自动相选择控制阀具有很好的过油、控水和控气效果;抗冲蚀能力强;对流体的密度不敏感;适用的黏度和流量范围较广;控水能力较喷嘴式ICD也有大幅提升。为进一步证实自动相选择控制阀的有效性,利用室内实验对不同流体的单相和两相过阀流动动态进行了分析,并在实验与CFD模拟结果对比的基础上,建立了单个自动相选择控制阀的过流压降模型。为研究不同个数、不同布阀方式下的自动相选择控制阀在底水油藏水平井中的控水效果,将油藏渗流与井筒管流(包括基管流动、环空流动和过阀流动)耦合,同时考虑储层渗透率非均质性、各向异性、钻井污染、井身轨迹等因素的影响,建立了三维油水两相水平井自动相选择控制阀完井动态模拟数学模型,并给出了相应的求解方法。在所建立的水平井完井模型基础上,选择具有代表性的均质油藏、非均质砂岩油藏和裂缝性碳酸盐岩油藏,对不同条件下的自动相选择控制阀完井动态进行了模拟,结果表明:相对于常规完井,自动相选择控制阀完井能够达到均衡油水剖面、延长无水采油期、降低水平井含水率、提高累积产油量的目的,显著改善了水平井的生产动态。同时,通过对不同自动相选择控制阀个数、封隔器个数以及布阀方式下的完井动态进行模拟分析,得到了各个完井参数对不同类型油藏水平井自动相选择控制阀完井的影响规律,并针对不同类型油藏提出了相应的水平井自动相选择控制阀完井优化设计方法。最后,结合现场实例,应用自动相选择控制阀进行水平井控水完井,利用前面建立的自动相选择控制阀完井理论体系进行完井设计,并将实例井采用自动相选择控制阀完井后的生产动态与之前筛管完井的生产动态进行了对比,对比结果进一步验证了自动相选择控制阀的功能及其配套完井理论的可靠性。本文通过对底水油藏水平井控水完井工具的研制以及配套理论的研究,将理论、实验与现场应用相结合,为底水油藏水平井高效开采提供了技术与理论支撑,为该项技术在国内推广应用并形成具有自主知识产权的核心服务能力奠定了基础,具有重要的理论和应用价值。
[Abstract]:Horizontal well as an efficient means of mining less wells yield, have been widely used for thin oil reservoir, bottom water reservoir, fractured reservoir, heavy oil reservoir, marine shallow and deep water reservoir and the development of unconventional reservoirs, but in different types of reservoirs (especially water reservoir) problems in the production process have become increasingly prominent, mainly for the reservoir bottom water coning is too fast, resulting in water cut rate is rising rapidly, while the existing water plugging operation is very difficult, seriously affected the mining comprehensive benefits of horizontal wells, has become restricts the efficient development of the technical bottleneck. Therefore, aiming at the technical problems of China's present horizontal well bottom water reservoir mining face and the real problem, based on the analysis and summary of the current domestic and international level ridge into the bottom water mechanism and water control method, developed a new water control tool and the formation of water control completion of Automatic controller in theory. The inflow of sufficient research at home and abroad (AICD:Autonomous Inflow Control Device) based on the type, with most of our current reservoir (or gas cap) into the present situation in the high water cut stage, developed a new AICD control water control valve, automatic tool selection (the tool has been declared national patent), with the help of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to simulate the fluid flow process in the internal control, expounds its water and gas control principle, and the flow field, fluid sensitivity, water control and gas control effect and anti erosion ability were analyzed, and the ICD nozzle and previously proposed (Inflow Control Device, into the controller) were compared, the simulation results show that the automatic phase selection control valve has good control over oil, water and gas control effect; anti erosion ability; the fluid density is not sensitive for the viscosity and the flow rate of fan; Wai wide; ability to control water nozzle is ICD have increased dramatically. To further confirm the validity of the automatic selection of control valve, the fluid of different single-phase and two-phase flow through the valve dynamic use of indoor experiments were analyzed and simulated by the experiment and the results of CFD on the basis of comparison, then the flow pressure drop model single phase automatic control valve selection. In order to study the effects of a number of different cloth under the way of automatic valve phase selection control valve in the water control effect of horizontal wells in bottom water reservoir, the reservoir percolation and wellbore flow (including the flow tube and annular flow through the valve flow) coupling, considering non reservoir permeability heterogeneity, anisotropy, drilling hole trajectory pollution, influence factors, established the three-dimensional oil-water two-phase horizontal automatic control valve completion phase selection mathematical model of dynamic simulation, and gives the corresponding solution in the level. Based on the model of well completion, selection of homogeneous reservoir representative, heterogeneous sandstone reservoir and fractured carbonate reservoir, under different conditions of automatic completion phase selection control valve is simulated, the results showed that compared with the conventional completion, automatic phase selection control valve can reach the equilibrium profile of oil-water well completion, prolong water free oil production period well, lower the water level rate increase, the cumulative oil production to improve production performance of horizontal well. At the same time, according to the different automatic phase selection control valve number, dynamic simulation analysis is carried out well completion packer number and valve type cloth, the horizontal well completion parameters of different types reservoir automatic phase selection effect of control valve completion, and for different types of reservoir is put forward the corresponding automatic horizontal well completion phase selection control valve. The optimization design method, combined with field As an example, the application of automatic phase selection control valve for horizontal well completion water control, using the automatic phase selection in front of the establishment of control system of valve completion completion design, and examples using automatic phase selection production dynamic dynamic production control valve before and after the completion of screen completion were compared, the results further verify the automatic phase selection control valve reliability function and supporting completion theory. Through this research, water control completion tools for horizontal well in bottom water reservoir development and supporting the theory of theory, experiment and field application of the combination, provide technical and theoretical support for efficient exploitation of bottom water reservoir, laid the foundation for the technology formed in the domestic application and has independent intellectual property rights and core service capability, it has important theoretical and practical value.

【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE257

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