量子无线多跳网络关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 01:11

本文关键词：量子无线多跳网络关键技术研究　出处：《东南大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：量子无线多跳网络是由一类遵循量子力学规律具备量子通信和无线通信能力的节点组成的实现量子通信的网络,是量子通信网络在无线领域的延伸,未来在无线安全通信方面应用非常广泛。量子隐形传态和量子无线路由协议是量子无线多跳网络中必不可少的两个关键技术。然而现有量子多跳隐形传态方法存在端到端传输延时大,经典通信开销大,成功传输的最大概率低等问题,而现有量子无线路由协议中路由度量和量子选路方法也限制了量子隐形多跳传态性能,无法满足未来量子无线多跳网络应用需求。本论文对量子隐形传态和量子无线路由协议进行深入分析和研究,提出了包括并行多跳隐形传态,测量结果映射,量子路径先行验证等在内的方法,降低了传输延时和经典通信开销,采用二粒子和三粒子部分纠缠态作为量子信道进行量子隐形传态提升了最大成功率,通过仿真验证了适合现实场景特点的量子无线多跳网络路由度量和量子无线路由选路方法。论文的主要研究工作和创新点如下：1.提出基于任意Bell对的多跳并行低延时隐形传态方法,用以在量子无线多跳网络中实现高效的量子信息传输。利用并行的量子纠缠交换技术降低端到端多跳传输延时,并理论上证明与串行纠缠交换方法相比,本方法具有更低的传输延时并适用于更一般的网络拓扑。同时为正确还原量子态,提供数学矩阵计算和有限状态机两种方法,相比于穷举和图表方法降低了复杂程度。2.提出一种基于后置量子测量结果映射(result-mapping)的降低经典通信开销的方法。测量结果映射模块在经典信息层面解决了因共享任意种类Bell对而带来的经典通信上升的问题,相比于前置变换Bell对的方法,操作简单,可实施性强。同时采用在路由协议报文中捎带(piggyback)控制信息的传输技术,避免了额外的控制开销。通过理论分析证明这种方法使经典通信开销降低了50%。3.提出一种借助二粒子部分纠缠态和三粒子最大纠缠W态为量子信道传输任意二粒子纠缠态的方法,引入辅助粒子以成功还原量子态。通过理论分析证明,量子隐形传态成功的最大概率提升为2/3。相比于利用双W态作为量子信道的方法(4/9),成功传输的最大概率提升了50%。进而推广到对更一般的情况,借助二粒子部分纠缠态和三粒子部分纠缠GHZ态为信道实现任意二粒子态的传输,通过理论分析证明该方法成功进行量子态传输的最大概率为1。4.提出一种基于路径先验方法的量子无线源路由协议以适应量子信息在网络中并行多跳传输的要求。经过仿真测试,能够将原有路由协议的传输成功率从85%提升到100%。以此结合并行多跳隐形传态方法并引入“预计经典通信跳数”作为路由度量,降低了35%的多跳量子信息传输延时。同时经过仿真验证,量子测量结果映射方法能够降低量子隐形传态经典通信开销49%。
[Abstract]:Quantum wireless multi-hop network is a kind of quantum communication network which is composed of a class of nodes with quantum communication and wireless communication ability. It is an extension of quantum communication network in the wireless field. Quantum teleportation and quantum wireless routing protocol are two essential technologies in quantum wireless multi-hop networks. However, existing quantum multi-hop teleportation methods are widely used in wireless communication. End-to-end transmission delay is large. Classical communication has many problems such as high overhead and low maximum probability of successful transmission. However, the existing quantum wireless routing protocols, such as routing metrics and quantum routing methods, also limit the performance of quantum teleportation. In this paper, quantum teleportation and quantum wireless routing protocols are deeply analyzed and studied, including parallel multi-hop teleportation and mapping of measurement results. Quantum path verification and other methods reduce the transmission delay and classical communication overhead. The quantum teleportation using two-particle and three-particle partially entangled states as the quantum channel improves the maximum success rate. Simulation results show that quantum wireless multi-hop network routing metrics and quantum wireless routing routing methods are suitable for the real situation. The main research work and innovation of this thesis are as follows:. 1. A multi-hop parallel low-delay teleportation method based on arbitrary Bell pairs is proposed. In order to achieve efficient quantum information transmission in quantum wireless multi-hop networks, parallel quantum entanglement switching technology is used to reduce end-to-end multi-hop transmission delay, and compared with serial entanglement switching method theoretically. This method has lower transmission delay and is suitable for more general network topologies. It also provides two methods of mathematical matrix calculation and finite state machine for the correct reduction of quantum states. Compared with exhaustive and charting methods, the complexity is reduced. 2. A result-mapping-based mapping method based on post-quantum measurement results is proposed. The measurement result mapping module solves the problem of the classical communication rising caused by sharing any kind of Bell pair in the classical information level. Compared with the method of pretransform Bell pair, it is easy to operate and can be implemented. At the same time, it adopts the technology of piggyback (piggyback) control information transmission in routing protocol packets. It is proved by theoretical analysis that this method reduces the classical communication overhead by 50. 3. A quantum channel transmission is proposed by means of two-particle partially entangled state and three-particle maximal entangled W state. The method of any two-particle entangled state. Through theoretical analysis, it is proved that the maximum probability of success of quantum teleportation is increased to 2 / 3. Compared with the method of using double W state as quantum channel, the maximum probability is 4 / 9). The maximum probability of successful transmission is increased by 50%, which is extended to the more general case, using the two-particle partially entangled state and the three-particle partially entangled GHZ state as the channel to realize the transmission of any two-particle state. It is proved by theoretical analysis that the maximum probability of successful quantum state transmission is 1.4. A quantum wireless source routing protocol based on path prior method is proposed to adapt to the parallel multi-hop transmission of quantum information in the network. Requirement. Through simulation test. It can improve the transmission success rate of the original routing protocol from 85% to 100, combining the parallel multi-hop teleportation method with the introduction of "prediction of classical communication hops" as a routing metric. The multi-hop quantum information transmission delay of 35% is reduced, and the simulation results show that the quantum mapping method can reduce the classical communication overhead of quantum teleportation.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN918;O413

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