高技术产业集聚与区域技术创新效率研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 18:16

本文关键词： 技术创新效率高技术产业集聚多样化与专业化技术研发与技术转化 GMM与SDM　出处：《兰州大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：实施创新驱动发展战略,适应新常态,技术创新是其核心内容,创新效率是技术创新的源泉。技术创新与高技术产业集聚是区域经济增长过程的重要内容,是科技与经济结合的具体实践,也是资源优化配置与产业转型升级的必然路径。现阶段我国高技术产业的发展主要依靠高投入,并非是技术创新效率的提升所致,选取区域技术创新效率视角,研究区域技术创新与高技术产业集聚的相互影响与提升路径,对于转变经济增长方式与建设创新型国家意义重大。研究选择“高技术产业集聚与区域技术创新效率研究”为题,通过对技术创新与高技术产业集聚的理论梳理与路径分析,发现技术创新效率与高技术产业集聚相互影响、相互促进的关系。在此基础上,对我国大陆地区的高技术产业集聚及其区域特征、区域技术创新整体效率及两阶段效率测度分析,从理论和实证的角度深入探讨产业集聚的区域创新效率效应以及创新效率的高技术产业集聚效应,并提出二者协同发展的相关措施。基于对高技术产业集聚与区域技术创新效率的相互影响分析,论文主要形成以下几点结论：第一,高技术产业发展的区域差异较大,高技术产业主要聚集于东部沿海地区,尤其是京津、珠三角、长三角地区；高技术产业区域同构性严重,绝大多数省区间的产业结构相似系数超过0.5的警戒线,缺乏整体的宏观规划与协调机制；2002-2012年高技术产业区域差异呈现先扩大后缩小的趋势,2005年后高技术产业集聚趋势有所缓解；我国电子计算机及办公设备制造业集聚现象最为突出,但高技术产业的行业集聚也正在发生较大转变,高技术产业正从电子计算机及办公设备制造业向医疗设备及仪器仪表制造业、医药制造业集中。第二,RD经费与人员等创新要素空间集聚程度较高,多集中于省会或计划单列市等中心城市,区域技术创新也呈现出较强的地理累积性；两阶段链式数据包络分析(DEA)结果显示,区域技术创新效率呈现螺旋上升趋势,并呈现出东南高西北低的梯度发展态势,但区域间收敛趋势明显；绝大多数省区技术转化效率远低于技术研发效率,粤闽津苏技术转化环节较为有效,各省区技术创新模式基本稳定,低技术研发低技术转化仍然为各省区主要类型。第三,采用2000、2006、2012的截面数据,利用OLS估计与地理加权模型(GWR)探讨产业集聚对区域技术创新效率的影响关系,结果显示存在正向效应但这种效率存在较大的区域差异性,这种正向效应呈现逐渐增强趋势。利用GMM估计方法考察产业集聚、产业集聚区域特征、相关制约因素对区域技术创新效率的影响,结果显示产业集聚、多样化、企业规模、外商投资企业对于区域创新效率正向作用明显,产业集聚的专业化、区域技术交易活动对技术创新效率提升作用不显著,滞后期的技术创新效率与滞后期高技术产业集聚对技术创新效率存在正向效应。第四,建立SDM模型研究技术创新效率及各制约因素对于高技术产业集聚的影响,结果显示技术创新效率、市场化水平、对外开放水平、人力资本水平、金融发展水平存在正向效应,政府干预程度的集聚效应不显著,技术创新效率、人力资本水平、进出口贸易水平、政府干预程度空间溢出效应显著。利用混合面板模型考察技术创新的两环节对于高技术产业集聚的影响,研究结果显示,技术转化效率对于高技术产业空间集聚作用更为显著,高技术产业化也成为制约技术创新与高技术产业集聚的瓶颈。基于上述研究结论,本文认为应推动高技术产业合理集聚,提升区域技术创新效率,合理定位“产学政”创新职能,发挥金融市场的联结推动作用,重点加强高校科技成果转化等相关措施,以推动高技术产业集聚与区域技术创新效率的协同发展,有效促进区域经济增长与产业转型升级。
[Abstract]:The implementation of innovation driven development strategy, to adapt to the new norm, technology innovation is the core content, the efficiency of innovation is the source of technological innovation. Technological innovation and high-tech industry agglomeration is an important content in the process of regional economic growth, is the concrete practice of the combination of technology and economy, is also the optimization of resources allocation and the inevitable upgrade path of industrial transformation development. At the present stage of China's high tech industry mainly rely on high investment, improve the efficiency of technological innovation is not caused by the selection of regional technological innovation efficiency from the perspective of research on regional technological innovation and high-tech industry agglomeration of the mutual influence and promotion path for the transformation of economic growth mode and the construction of an innovative country is significant. On the choice of high technology the title "Research on industrial agglomeration and regional innovation efficiency, through the analysis of theory and path of agglomeration on technological innovation and high-tech industry, discovery technology The innovation efficiency of high-tech industry agglomeration and mutual influence, and promote each other. On this basis, the high-tech industry agglomeration in mainland of China and its regional characteristics, analysis of the overall efficiency of the regional technological innovation and two stage efficiency measure, from the perspective of theoretical and Empirical Study on regional innovation efficiency effect of industrial agglomeration and high technology industry the innovation efficiency of agglomeration effect, and put forward relevant measures two collaborative development. The mutual influence analysis of agglomeration and regional technological innovation efficiency of high tech industry based on the main form the following conclusions: first, the regional differences in the development of high tech industry, high tech industry mainly concentrated in eastern coastal areas, especially Beijing, the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta; regional high-tech industry isomorphism seriously, the vast industrial structure of most provinces interval similarity coefficient of more than 0.5 of the cordon That lack of macro planning and coordination mechanism of the whole; 2002-2012 years of regional high-tech industry differences expanded to narrowing trend after 2005, high-tech industry agglomeration trend eased; computer and office equipment manufacturing industry agglomeration phenomenon of our country is the most prominent, but the high technology industry agglomeration is undergoing great changes, high the technology industry is from computer and office equipment manufacturing to medical equipment and instrument manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing industry concentration. Second, a higher degree of agglomeration of RD funds and personnel and other innovative elements of space, more is in the center of the capital city or municipalities, regional technological innovation is also showing a strong geographical accumulation; the two stage data envelopment analysis chain (DEA) results show that the efficiency of regional innovation spiraling trend, and showed a gradient of southeast high-low trend, But the convergence trend between regions is obvious; most provinces technological transformation efficiency is far lower than the efficiency of R & D, Guangdong and Fujian Jin Su technology transformation is more effective, each province technology innovation mode is basically stable, low technology low technology transformation still is the main type of each province. In third, the cross section data of 200020062012, using OLS estimation and geographically weighted model (GWR) influence on the regional innovation efficiency of industrial agglomeration, results show that there is a positive effect but the efficiency of large regional differences exist, this positive effect shows increasing trend. Estimation of industry agglomeration were studied by using GMM, industrial agglomeration regional characteristics, effects of related factors on the efficiency of regional innovation, the according to industry agglomeration, diversification, enterprise scale, enterprise with foreign investment for regional innovation efficiency positive effect, industrial agglomeration Regional specialization, technology transactions on technology innovation efficiency is not significant, the high technology industry technology innovation efficiency and lag lag agglomeration has a positive effect on technology innovation efficiency. Fourth, establish the SDM model to study the efficiency of technological innovation and the constraints of high technology industry cluster, the results showed that the technical innovation efficiency the level of the market, the level of opening up, the level of human capital, the level of financial development has a positive effect, agglomeration effect degree of government intervention is not significant, the efficiency of technological innovation, the level of human capital, import and export trade, the spatial spillover effect of the government intervention degree is significant. The investigation of the technology innovation by using the mixed panel model two links for the impact of high technology industrial agglomeration, research results show that the conversion efficiency of technology for the high-tech industry agglomeration effect is more significant, the industrialization of high technology Also become a bottleneck restricting the technological innovation and high-tech industry agglomeration. Based on the above research conclusion, this paper thinks that we should promote the high-tech industry rational agglomeration, enhancing the regional technological innovation efficiency, reasonable positioning "political science" innovation function, play a role in promoting financial market linkage, focus on strengthening the University Scientific achievements transformation and other related measures to promote the coordinated development of agglomeration and regional innovation efficiency of high-tech industries, effectively promote regional economic growth and industrial restructuring and upgrading.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F276.44;F124.3

【参考文献】