论人身安全保护令的制度完善

发布时间：2018-01-07 04:13

本文关键词：论人身安全保护令的制度完善　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代以来,家庭暴力问题逐步引起全社会的广泛关注。随着对家庭暴力关注度提升,人们逐渐意识到家庭暴力已经不是道德意义上的私事,而是侵犯人权、侵犯公民人身自由权利的公害。反家庭暴力需要结合政府、司法机关、民政部门、妇女联合会、卫生部门、居(村)委会等各机关部门与公众的努力。在反家庭暴力过程中,人们意识到不应该只依靠离婚诉讼等进行事后保护,更应注重事前预防和制止家庭暴力。世界范围内公认的有效保护制度就是民事保护令,所以中国在2015年通过立法正式引进民事保护令,命名为人身安全保护令。立法中关于人身安全保护令的规定是一项既借鉴国外成功经验又符合我国实际国情的创新。这一制度解救了深受家暴困扰的受害人,在预防和制止家暴方面发挥着十分重要的作用,为我国反家暴工作的顺利进展创造了良好的法制环境。人身安全保护令虽已在中国实施了一段时间,可是在运行中出现了一些问题。本文深入研究了其在立法及司法实践中存在的问题,提出了解决方案,并论证了方案的可行性。本文共分为五章:第一章对人身安全保护令进行了全面概述。本文介绍了它的含义,从内容角度对其分类介绍,并阐述了其在反家暴工作中的意义,并详细介绍了我国人身安全保护令的出台过程,可以看出其在进步与退步中反复,引出人身安全保护令现存的问题;第二章阐述了人身安全保护令制度在立法上的不足之处。立法上存在人身安全保护令种类缺失、申请人身安全保护令的证据规定不明确、代为申请程序规定不清晰、未规定送达时间等问题。笔者分析了问题所带来的危害及出现这些问题的原因。第三章阐述了人身安全保护令在司法实践中遇到的问题。司法实践中存在申请的人少、执行程序可操作性差、保护令核发后缺乏监督、缺少人身安全保护令审理及执行的配套措施等问题。笔者在文中分析了司法实践中问题产生的原因与危害。第四章介绍美国、台湾等域内外关于人身安全保护令制度的立法与实践综述。通过对域内外已经成熟的立法制度研究,本文阐述了其对我国立法的启示以及可以借鉴的规定;第五章是针对现行人身安全保护令制度上存在的问题,笔者从立法、执法、司法角度提出了解决方案。笔者建议在立法中增加人身安全保护令的种类、修改其执行模式、完善证据规则并出台专门规范公安机关执行保护令及处理家暴案件的条例。立法者还需要完善代为申请程序及监督程序。笔者从执法角度建议注重对执法人员进行培训,从司法角度建议设立家事法庭,并提出设立反家庭暴力综合服务机构、普及相关法律并分析了以上所有建议的必要性及可行性。本文通过探讨现行人身安全保护令制度立法缺陷与司法实践中遇到的问题,提出解决方案,以期在实践中顺利运行。人身安全保护令制度只有有效运行,才能发挥其预防和制止家暴的作用,实现立法保护弱势群体的目的,为他们创造一个没有暴力的环境!
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, the problem of domestic violence has caused extensive concern of the whole society. The family violence to enhance attention, people gradually realize that family violence is not a moral sense of personal, but human rights violations, environmental violations of civil liberty rights. Anti family violence requires a combination of government and judicial organs, the civil Affairs Department, Women Federation, Department of health, home (Village) committee and other departments and public efforts. In the anti domestic violence in the process, people realize that should not only rely on divorce litigation after the protection, should pay more attention to the prevention and curbing family violence. The effective protection system in the world is recognized as the civil protection order so, Chinese legislation passed in 2015 the formal introduction of civil protection order, named for the personal safety protection order. The legislation on personal safety protection order rules is a reference The successful experience of foreign countries and in line with the innovation of China's actual conditions. This system saved by troubled domestic violence victims, plays a very important role in preventing and curbing domestic violence, for the smooth progress of anti domestic violence in China to create a favorable legal environment for the personal safety protection order has been implemented in Chinese for some time, but there are some problems in the operation. This paper studies the existing in the legislation and judicial practice problems, propose solutions, and proves the feasibility of the scheme. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter of the body to protect the safety of people make a comprehensive overview. This paper introduces its introduces the meaning, classification from the perspective of content, and expounds the significance of the work in the anti domestic violence, and introduces the safety protection of our people to the introduction of the process, we can see the back in progress and retrogression, lead A personal safety protection order existing problems; the second chapter describes the inadequacies of personal safety protection order system in the legislation. The legislation of personal safety protection order types of lack of safety protection to the applicant shall not clear evidence, to apply for the procedure is not clear, the problem not specified. Delivery time etc. the author analyzes the harm of the problems and the reasons for these problems. The third chapter describes the personal safety protection order in judicial practice. The judicial practice exists for fewer people, program operability is poor, the protection order was issued after the lack of supervision, lack of personal safety protection order and trial the implementation of supporting measures. The author analyzes the reason and harm of problems in judicial practice in this paper. The fourth chapter introduces the United States, Taiwan and other foreign about personal safety protection in the legislation and practice of order system. The study on legislative system. Through the mature domain of home and abroad, this paper expounds the inspiration to China's legislation and regulations can be used for reference; the fifth chapter is the existence of the current personal safety protection order system, the author from the legislation, law enforcement, judicial point of view put forward solutions. The author suggests that the increase in the types of people in order to protect the safety of the legislation, modify its execution mode, perfecting the rules of evidence and issued special specification for public security organs to enforce protection orders and to deal with cases of Domestic Violence Ordinance. Legislators also need to improve for the application procedures and supervision procedure. Author from the law enforcement perspective should pay attention to the training of law enforcement personnel, from the angle of recommended the establishment of family the court, and puts forward the establishment of anti family violence comprehensive services, necessity of popularizing relevant laws and analyzes all of the above suggestions and feasibility. Through the discussion of the safety of pedestrians Meet all the protecting system of legislative defects and problems in the judicial practice, put forward the solution, in order to run smoothly in practice. The personal safety protection order system is only effective operation, in order to play its role in preventing and curbing domestic violence, to achieve the purpose of legislation to protect vulnerable groups, to create an environment for them without violence!

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

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