养老地产项目开发模式对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 13:26

本文关键词： 养老地产开发模式对比研究　出处：《广州中医药大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:养老地产是地产行业与养老服务的有机结合,是以老年住宅产品为基础、以养老服务为核心、以盈利为目的的地产开发项目。在我国,养老地产的出现是弥补传统养老机构的在供求和功能上的缺口,既满足老年人居住需求又满足多元化的养老需求,对完善社会保障体系具有重大意义。但是与国外相比较,我国养老地产的发展处于初级阶段,其开发模式仍在积极探索中。本研究在基于国内养老地产宏观环境,对比国内外养老开发模式,总结出国内外养老地产项目开发模式成功的经验,提炼出适合我国国情的养老地产开发模式。方法:本文首先采用宏观环境PEST分析法从政策、经济、社会文化和技术环境,分析国内养老地产发展背景和机会,以及发展中面临的问题;通过文献研究和案例分析,对国内外养老开发模式以及典型养老地产项目在融资、运营管理和盈利三方面进行分析,提炼出可借鉴之处;本文选取国内外4个养老地产开发模式的代表性案例,结合对比分析法从融资、运营管理、盈利方面提炼出当前或将来适合国内现状的养老地产开发模式。结果:结合文献研究法和PEST分析法得出政策上的扶持、老年消费能力的增长、养老观念的转变以及物联网等技术的革新等环境因素为国内养老地产的兴起带来机遇,但由于我国"未富先老"的发展特点、政策扶持力度不够、养老地产市场欠缺规范等因素影响养老地产的快速发展。在文献研究和案例研究的基础中,得出我国养老地产开发模式以居家式养老地产和养老社区为主。与美国、日本同类型开发模式的养老地产项目比较,国内养老地产融资渠道主要是自有资金和外来资金结合,开发商一般兼任运营商的角色,并主要通过销售租赁住房产品获得经济收益。结论:国内养老地产开发模式多样,根据养老服务格局和养老地产发展规律,可分为居家式和养老社区两种主要的开发模式,我国养老地产融资渠道比较窄,管理模式单一,运营模式注重产权销售而忽视养老服务的长期收益。结合我国发展情况,短期发展趋势以居家式养老地产较为合适,而养老社区的开发模式是未来发展的趋势。最后,本研究从养老地产开发方式、融资方式、管理方式、盈利方式等方面提出可行性建议,并在医疗、介护、预防保健等养老服务方面结合中医药提出建议。
[Abstract]:Objective: endowment real estate is an organic combination of real estate industry and old-age service. It is a real estate development project in our country, which is based on the aged residential products, takes the old-age service as the core, and aims at profit. The appearance of old-age real estate is to make up for the gap in the supply and demand and function of the traditional pension institutions, which meets both the living needs of the elderly and the diversified pension needs. It is of great significance to perfect the social security system. However, compared with foreign countries, the development of China's pension real estate is in the primary stage. Based on the macro environment of the domestic pension real estate, this study compares the domestic and foreign pension development model, and summarizes the successful experience of the domestic and foreign pension real estate project development model. Methods: firstly, this paper adopts the macro-environment PEST analysis method from the policy, economic, social and cultural and technological environment. Analysis of the background and opportunities of the development of domestic pension real estate, as well as the problems faced in the development; Through the literature research and case analysis, this paper analyzes the development mode of the aged at home and abroad, as well as the typical pension real estate projects in the financing, operation management and profit analysis, to extract the points for reference; This paper selects four representative cases of endowment real estate development model at home and abroad, combined with comparative analysis from financing, operation and management. Profit extraction of the current or future endowment real estate development model suitable for the domestic situation. Results: combined with the literature research method and PEST analysis to obtain policy support, the growth of the elderly consumption capacity. The environmental factors such as the change of the concept of the aged and the innovation of technology such as the Internet of things bring opportunities for the rise of the endowment real estate in China. However, due to the characteristics of the development of "getting old before getting rich", the policy support is not enough. The lack of standardization of the pension real estate market and other factors affect the rapid development of old-age real estate. In the literature and case studies on the basis. It is concluded that the development mode of the endowment real estate in our country is based on the home-based pension real estate and the old-age community, and compared with the pension real estate projects of the same type of development mode in the United States and Japan. Domestic old-age real estate financing channels are mainly the combination of their own funds and foreign funds, developers generally also play the role of operators. And mainly through the sale of rental housing products to obtain economic benefits. Conclusion: domestic pension real estate development model is diverse, according to the pattern of pension services and endowment property development law. It can be divided into two main development modes: the home type and the old-age community. The financing channel of the endowment real estate in our country is narrow, and the management mode is single. The operation model pays attention to the property right sale but neglects the long-term income of the old-age service. Combined with the development situation of our country, the short-term development trend is more suitable to the home type endowment real estate. The development model of the old-age community is the trend of future development. Finally, this study from the endowment real estate development, financing, management, profitability and other aspects of the feasibility of suggestions, and in the medical care, introduction of care. Preventive health care and other aspects of pension services combined with Chinese medicine put forward suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：广州中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6;F299.23

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