新闻聚合的著作权问题探究

发布时间：2018-03-18 08:04

本文选题：新闻聚合　切入点：著作权　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着互联网的发展,新闻行业发生巨大的变化。为了迎合人们对新闻信息的个性化需求,新闻聚合出现并迅速扩张,挤占了传统媒体的市场。一方面,传统媒体正面临转型的压力,另一方面又遭遇互联网新闻聚合的挑战。其中有一些传统媒体认为新闻聚合服务提供商没有经过许可,擅自使用了他们生产的内容,并且偷走了原本属于自己的广告收入。而新闻聚合服务提供商认为标题和摘要并不具备独创性,是不受著作权法保护的,同时聚合行为符合合理使用制度,并且技术是中立的,不应当贴上“违法”的标签。在近二十多年,著作权冲突在不同的国家和地区不断发生,欧美主要国家和日本、澳大利亚等都曾出现过这类案件。尤其是谷歌在全球扩张的过程中,因其聚合行为而卷入纷争。对于新闻聚合的著作权案件,不同的法院持有不同的观点,从而做出了不同的判决,有支持传统媒体的,也有支持新闻聚合的。另外,广大的学者也参与其中进行了广泛而激烈的讨论。新闻聚合著作权矛盾的本质其实是新旧新闻媒体争夺新市场所带来的利益冲突,是新闻聚合商与传统媒体之间的博弈。对于双方来说,共赢才是胜利,任何一方的独大都是输。为了应对新闻聚合这一新事物所带来的著作权问题,在传统媒体的推动下有些国家和地区选择修改法律维护其利益,比如德国和西班牙;有些则是利用原来的法律作出全新的判决,比如美国和欧盟。这些做法有利也有弊。对于我国来说,都有一定的参考价值。除了利用法律解决新闻聚合的著作权冲突,也可以充分发挥著作权集体管理制度的作用,充分的发挥技术的作用。总之,对待新闻聚合,要平衡好背后的利益关系,不能偏废其一。整篇论文分为四个部分,首先对新闻聚合的产生和影响做了简单的介绍,并且对不同形式的新闻聚合行为做了归纳,然后分析了新闻聚合行为的法律结构,达到明确概念、了解背景的作用,为之后著作权冲突的介绍做好铺垫;然后是主体部分,着重对著作权冲突中的主体争议、客体争议和技术争议进行研究论述,采取案例和分析的方式进行;紧接着是对目前各个国家和地区怎样应对著作权问题进行了介绍;最后是结论和建议,作为对研究的总结。本篇论文采用了案例分析法为主,结合实证分析法和比较分析法进行论证,并且是在阅读了大量的外国案例的情况下动笔的,以欧洲法院、美国和澳大利亚的判例为主,同时结合中国目前国内一些有关于新闻聚合的典型案例,力图做到全面的讨论。
[Abstract]:With the development of the Internet, great changes have taken place in the news industry. In order to cater to the individualized demand for news information, news aggregation has appeared and expanded rapidly, which has taken over the market of traditional media. On the one hand, Traditional media are under pressure to transform, and on the other hand face the challenge of Internet news aggregation. Some of the traditional media believe that news aggregating service providers use the content they produce without permission. And stole their own advertising revenue. However, the news aggregating service providers believe that the headlines and abstracts are not original and are not protected by copyright law, and that the aggregation behavior conforms to the system of rational use, and the technology is neutral. It should not be labeled "illegal". In the past 20 years, copyright conflicts have occurred in different countries and regions, major countries in Europe and America and Japan, There have been cases of this kind in Australia, especially when Google has been involved in disputes over its aggregation in the process of global expansion. Different courts have different views on the copyright cases of news aggregates. As a result, different judgments were made, ranging from those who supported traditional media to those who supported news aggregations. In addition, The vast number of scholars also participated in the extensive and intense discussion. The essence of the contradiction of copyright in news aggregation is in fact the conflict of interest brought about by the competition for the new market between the old and the new news media. It's a game between news aggregators and traditional media. To both sides, a win-win situation is a victory, and either side is a loser. In order to deal with the copyright problem brought about by this new thing of news aggregation, Driven by the traditional media, some countries and regions choose to amend their laws to safeguard their interests, such as Germany and Spain; others use the original laws to make new judgments. For example, the United States and the European Union. These practices have advantages and disadvantages. For our country, they all have certain reference value. In addition to using the law to resolve the copyright conflict of news aggregation, they can also give full play to the role of the copyright collective management system. Give full play to the role of technology. In a word, to deal with news aggregation, we must balance the interests behind it. The whole paper is divided into four parts. First of all, it gives a brief introduction to the emergence and impact of news aggregation. And has made the induction to the different forms of news aggregation behavior, then has analyzed the news aggregation behavior legal structure, has reached the clear concept, understood the background function, has made the foundation for the later copyright conflict introduction; then is the main part, Focus on the subject dispute, object dispute and technology dispute in the copyright conflict, take the method of case and analysis, and then introduce how to deal with the copyright problem in each country and region at present. The last part is conclusion and suggestion, as a summary of the research. This paper mainly uses case analysis, combined with empirical analysis and comparative analysis to demonstrate, and is in the case of reading a large number of foreign cases. Taking the European Court of Justice, the United States and Australia as the main cases, and combining with some typical cases of news aggregation in China at present, this paper tries to achieve a comprehensive discussion.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.41

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