《夷坚志》冤错案件之二元审判研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 08:15

本文选题：《夷坚志》　切入点：冤错案件　出处：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《夷坚志》是南宋洪迈所撰的文言志怪小说集,其虚实相映的笔触为古代司法的研究提供了另一视角。《夷坚志》中的冤错案件是宋代司法制度运行的缩影,以其作为研究文本进行探析,不失为对宋代法制的动态实践的进一步探索。二元审判模式是《夷坚志》中冤错案件的显著特征,即案件先后经历国家司法机关的官方审判与阴司的鬼神审判。在国家审判层面,宋代立法完备而严密,法律规制贯穿始终,但司法官吏有法不依、曲法枉断,酿成了大量冤狱。申诉、上诉与直诉的司法救济层层递进,仍难以真正疏通冤情。于是,民众将释冤的希望转移至虚拟场域的鬼神世界。鬼神审判是对国家审判的虚幻反映,具有浓厚的世俗特征,是基层民众多元民间信仰相互杂糅的反映。鬼神及其官僚以幽冥法作为裁判依据,对世间不法行为施以惩罚,满足了民众对于司法公正的情感需求。《夷坚志》冤错案件的二元审判凸显了宋代官方立法与司法实践的矛盾与背离,律令沦为空文,实效性成为致命短板;同时二者具有内在一致性,相辅相成,国家法作为外在约束,与鬼神审判带来的内在约束相结合,共同维护着基层秩序的稳定。面对冤错案件这一古今共同的困境,笔者以为,要在司法活动中绝对避免乃至消除冤错案件难以实现,强化正当法律程序的运行与监督,提升司法人员的职业素质与法治素养,方为当下推进司法公正的现实举措。
[Abstract]:Yi Jian Zhi is a collection of strange novels of classical Chinese written by Hongmai in Southern Song Dynasty, whose fictitious and realistic strokes provide another angle of view for the study of ancient justice. The case of wrongs and wrongs in Yi Jian Zhi is the epitome of the operation of the judicial system in Song Dynasty. It is a further exploration of the dynamic practice of the legal system in the Song Dynasty. The dualistic trial model is the prominent feature of the case of injustice and error in Yi Jian Zhi. At the level of national trial, the legislation of the Song Dynasty is complete and strict, the legal regulation runs through all the time, but the judicial officials do not abide by the law and bend the law. This has led to a large number of unjust jails. Appeals, appeals, and judicial remedies are all going on, and it is still difficult to really clear up grievances. Thus, the people's hope for redress is transferred to the world of ghosts and gods in the virtual field. Ghost and god trials are illusory reflection of national trials. With strong secular characteristics, it is a reflection of the mixture of grass-roots people's diverse folk beliefs. Ghosts and gods and their bureaucrats use the law of the Underworld as the basis of judgment, and punish the illegal acts in the world. The dualistic trial of the miscarriage of justice case highlights the contradiction and deviation between the official legislation and the judicial practice in the Song Dynasty, the law and order become empty text, the actual effect becomes the fatal short board; At the same time, the two have internal consistency and complement each other. The state law, as an external constraint, is combined with the inherent constraint brought by the ghosts and gods' trial to jointly maintain the stability of the grass-roots order. In the face of the common dilemma of cases of injustice and error, the author thinks, In judicial activities, it is difficult to avoid or even eliminate wrong-wronged cases, to strengthen the operation and supervision of due process of law, to improve the professional quality and legal literacy of judicial personnel, so as to promote judicial justice.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.41;D929

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