人口老龄化背景下黑龙江省城镇社区居家养老服务研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 05:09

本文选题：人口老龄化　切入点：黑龙江省　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：黑龙江省城镇老年人口占总人口比重逐年上升,家庭养老压力大,老龄社会的日趋严重发展,为缓解黑龙江省养老压力。黑龙江省政府积极完善社区居家养老,旨在改善老年人的晚年生活,居家养老模式的构建是一条行之有效的解决黑龙江省城镇社区养老问题的道路,无论是中华五千年的文化传承,还是从社会主义现代化的经济成本、社会效益以及养老覆盖的范围等方面来看,都是当前和未来一定时期内黑龙江省城镇社区养老的重要方式。但黑龙江省居家养老面临着诸多待解决的问题。例如,老年人逐年增加,基础设施的不完善,资金缺口大,服务人员的紧缺等,这些问题严重制约着黑龙江省居家养老的发展,所以,在对黑龙江省居家养老服务分析探讨的基础之上,进一步研究促进黑龙江省居家养老的政策和具体措施,具有十分重要的意义。从人口老龄化背景下出发,对黑龙江省城镇居民居家养老服务等相关概念进行界定,分析黑龙江省居家养老服务背景,并在对马斯洛需求层次理论需求理论、公共产品理论、福利多元化理论与社会福利理论等公共的理论依据基础之上,阐述并分析了黑龙江省人口老龄化与居家养老服务的发展现状,提出基础设施不完善、财政投入不够、专业人员不足、服务项目过少等问题,并分析得出人口老龄化背景下黑龙江省城镇居家养老服务现存问题的成因主要是黑龙江省经济落后、养老产业化程度低、观念认识不足以及传统社保系统的影响。对英国伦敦的达尔文庭院退休养老社区、美国波士顿笔架山村退休养老社区、日本东京居家养老模式等国外居家养老模式,和国内居家养老模式相对成熟的一些地区如香港社区居家养老、上海的居家养老、台湾的养老状况等养老模式的成功经验进行借鉴。提出加大政府对居家养老服务财政投入、吸收社会资本、实行有偿服务等拓宽资金来源渠道,重视家庭在居家养老服务中的作用,加强居家养老社区服务的人力资源建设等完善居家养老服务的政策建议。
[Abstract]:The proportion of the aged population in the cities and towns of Heilongjiang Province has been increasing year by year, the pressure on the family to provide for the aged is increasing, and the aging society is developing more and more seriously, in order to alleviate the pressure on the aged in Heilongjiang Province. In order to improve the old people's life in old age, the construction of the old-age care model at home is an effective way to solve the problem of urban community pension in Heilongjiang Province, regardless of whether it is the cultural heritage of five thousand years in China. Or from the aspects of the economic cost, social benefit and coverage of the old-age support of socialist modernization, Both are important ways of providing for the aged in urban communities in Heilongjiang Province at present and in a certain period of time in the future. However, there are many problems to be solved in Heilongjiang Province. For example, the number of elderly people is increasing year by year, the infrastructure is not perfect, and the funding gap is large. The shortage of service personnel and so on, these problems seriously restrict the development of the family pension in Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, on the basis of the analysis and discussion of the home pension service in Heilongjiang Province, It is of great significance to further study the policies and specific measures to promote the family old-age care in Heilongjiang Province. From the background of aging population, this paper defines the related concepts such as the family old-age service of urban residents in Heilongjiang Province. This paper analyzes the background of the family pension service in Heilongjiang Province, and based on the theory of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the theory of public goods, the theory of welfare pluralism and the theory of social welfare, etc. This paper expounds and analyzes the present situation of the aging of population and the service for the aged at home in Heilongjiang Province, and puts forward some problems, such as imperfect infrastructure, insufficient financial investment, insufficient professional personnel, too few service items, etc. It is concluded that the main causes of the existing problems in the urban home pension service in Heilongjiang Province under the background of aging population are the backward economy and the low degree of industrialization of the aged. The concept of inadequate understanding and the impact of the traditional social security system. To the Darwinian courtyard retirement pension community in London, the Bijiashan village retirement pension community in Boston, the Japanese Tokyo home pension model and other foreign home pension models. And some of the successful experiences of such pension models as those in Hong Kong, in Shanghai, and in Taiwan, which are relatively mature at home. It is proposed to increase the government's financial investment in home pension services. The policy suggestions on how to improve the home pension service, such as absorbing social capital, carrying out paid service, widening the source of funds, paying attention to the role of family in the family pension service, strengthening the construction of human resources for the community service for the aged at home, etc.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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