浅析妨害民事诉讼罚款制度

发布时间：2018-07-01 20:25

本文选题：民事诉讼罚款 + 法律责任　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：对罚款运行现状进行实证研究,离不开对罚款性质、构成要件以及功能的正确认识与分析。罚款的性质是一种诉讼法律责任追究方式,既有强制性,也有制裁性,这也决定了罚款功能的多重性。民事诉讼中的罚款制度旨在制裁妨害民事诉讼行为人,排除诉讼妨害,教育社会公众遵守法律规定,维护保障诉讼秩序,在民事诉讼体系中占有重要地位。在法律沿革方面,立法者不断提高罚款数额、扩张罚款适用范围,罚款制裁力度以及广度得到空前强化。在司法实践方面,却出现与立法相背离的发展趋势。罚款适用率低、复议救济虚化、适用程序乱、款项执行差、制裁力度不足等问题,严重掣肘其功能的发挥。罚款制度陷入困境的深层次原因是多方面的,既有法律欠缺操作性、院长批准程序不合理、罚款数额立法不科学等制度因素,也有法官不愿适用、案多人少、专业化队伍欠缺、司法体制改革等非制度性因素。因此,完善救济监督程序,使罚款裁量权归位,进一步细化程序,衔接相关制度,是破除罚款制度运行困境的必要举措。
[Abstract]:An empirical study on the current situation of fines is inseparable from the correct understanding and analysis of the nature of fines, the components and functions. The nature of the fine is a way of investigating the legal liability of litigation, which is both mandatory and sanctioned. This also determines the multiplicity of the fine function. The system of fines in civil proceedings is aimed at impairing the civil action. Litigation perpetrator, exclude litigation nuisance, educate the public to abide by the law and safeguard the order of litigation, occupy an important position in the civil litigation system. In the field of law, lawmakers constantly improve the amount of fines, expand the scope of the fine, and impose an unprecedented strengthening of fines and broadness. In judicial practice, it appears in the judicial practice. The development trend that deviates from the legislation, the low application rate of fines, the deficiency of reconsideration, the disorderly application of the procedure, the poor execution of the money, the insufficient sanctions and so on, seriously impede the exertion of its function. The deep reasons for the fine system fall into trouble are many aspects, such as the lack of law, the irrational procedure of the approval of the president and the legislation of the amount of the fine. Scientific and other institutional factors also have non institutional factors such as the judge's reluctance to apply, the few cases, the lack of professional teams, the reform of the judicial system and other non institutional factors. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the procedure of relief supervision, make the fines of discretion back, further refine the procedure and link up the relevant system, which is a necessary measure to break down the difficulty of the fine system.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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