发展型救助视角下贫困大学生教育救助问题研究

发布时间：2019-05-30 08:19

【摘要】：贫困大学生教育救助问题,事关贫困大学生自身发展和社会稳定,受到了社会各界的广泛关注。高校教育救助是以贫困大学生作为救助对象,采取以物质援助为主,其他援助为辅,旨在保障贫困大学生顺利接受高等教育,完成大学课程学习和能力提升的一种特殊社会救助项目。目前,我国已经形成了以"奖、助、贷、减、补、勤"等为一体的贫困大学生多元救助体系,并取得了不错的效果。但这些政策在制定和实施的过程中,往往以物质援助和临时性救助为导向,仅仅是暂时性为贫困大学生解决基本的生存困难,很少或者根本没有考虑提升贫困大学生自身能力和心理健康等发展性救助问题。如何将贫困大学生教育救助改造成帮助贫困大学生通过教育摆脱贫困,改善自己和家庭的生活环境,教育救助资金由单一的投入变为良性的"投入-产出-投入"的活循环的发展型救助模式,已经势在必行。本文的论述分为六章。第一章是绪论。主要是对研究的背景、意义进行介绍,并通过国内外研究文献的梳理,为后文的分析打下基础。第二章是相关的概念界定以及理论基础。包括贫困、贫困大学生和教育救助的概念,并在对教育公平理论介绍的基础上,着重明确了发展型社会救助理论的相关内容。第三章到第五章是本文的研究重点,分别从现状、问题分析以及国外经验介绍三个方面,探讨了贫困大学生教育救助的相关问题。其中,第三章对贫困大学生教育救助现状的概述以及教育救助内容的分析。第四章在此基础上对贫困大学生教育救助的问题及原因进行了归纳和分析,发现当前存在救助不够精准、救助资金投入不尽理想、救助工作部署不合理、缺乏对心理、技能、专业素质等发展型救助的重视等问题;第五章将视野投向国外,对美国、新西兰和英国的成功经验进行了介绍,并总结出适合我国的几大做法。第六章提出完善我国贫困大学生教育救助的多样化对策建议,主要包括:转变教育救助理念,强化发展型教育救助;完善制度设计,健全贫困生认定机制;拓宽教育救助资金来源渠道,引导社会力量参与;重视心理与精神教育,实现经济救助与精神救助双结合;注重脱贫能力提升,培养贫困大学生自立意识与专业技能等。最后,总结了全文的主要研究成果,并指出不足之处。
[Abstract]:The problem of educational assistance for poor college students is related to the development and social stability of poor college students, and has been widely concerned by all walks of life. Educational assistance in colleges and universities takes poor college students as the object of assistance, mainly material assistance, supplemented by other assistance, in order to ensure the smooth access of poor college students to higher education. A special social assistance project to complete the study of university courses and the improvement of ability. At present, China has formed a multi-aid system for poor college students with "prize, help, loan, reduction, supplement, diligence" as one, and has achieved good results. However, in the process of formulating and implementing these policies, they are often guided by material assistance and temporary assistance, and only temporarily solve the basic survival difficulties for poor college students. Little or no consideration has been given to improving the ability and mental health of poor college students. How to transform the educational assistance of poor college students into helping poor college students get rid of poverty through education and improve the living environment of themselves and their families. It is imperative to change the educational rescue fund from a single input to a benign "input-output-input" living cycle development model. The discussion of this paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. It mainly introduces the background and significance of the study, and through the combing of domestic and foreign research literature, lays the foundation for the following analysis. The second chapter is the definition of related concepts and theoretical basis. Including the concepts of poverty, poor college students and educational assistance, and on the basis of introducing the theory of educational equity, this paper focuses on the relevant contents of the theory of developmental social assistance. The third chapter to the fifth chapter is the focus of this paper, which discusses the problems related to the educational assistance of poor college students from three aspects: the present situation, the analysis of problems and the introduction of foreign experience. Among them, the third chapter summarizes the current situation of educational assistance for poor college students and analyzes the content of educational assistance. On this basis, the fourth chapter summarizes and analyzes the problems and causes of educational assistance for poor college students, and finds that the current assistance is not accurate enough, the investment of rescue funds is not ideal, the deployment of rescue work is unreasonable, and there is a lack of psychology and skills. Professional quality and other issues such as the importance of developmental assistance; The fifth chapter focuses on foreign countries, introduces the successful experience of the United States, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, and summarizes several suitable practices for our country. The sixth chapter puts forward a variety of countermeasures and suggestions to improve the educational assistance of poor college students in China, including: changing the concept of educational assistance, strengthening the development of educational assistance, perfecting the system design, perfecting the identification mechanism of poor students; We should broaden the sources of funds for educational assistance, guide the participation of social forces, attach importance to psychological and spiritual education, realize the combination of economic assistance and spiritual assistance, pay attention to the improvement of poverty eradication ability, and cultivate the self-reliance consciousness and professional skills of poor college students. Finally, the main research results of the full text are summarized, and the shortcomings are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1

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