空心莲子草对莲草直胸跳甲取食胁迫的生理生化响应

发布时间：2018-05-27 09:27

本文选题：空心莲子草 + 莲草直胸跳甲　；参考：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：植物在与植食性昆虫的协同进化过程中,逐渐形成了完善的防御措施来应对昆虫的取食。空心莲子草作为一种外来入侵杂草,分布广泛,危害严重,其专食性天敌莲草直胸跳甲则被广泛用于空心莲子草的防治当中。本研究主要以空心莲子草应对莲草直胸跳甲的取食胁迫后空心莲子草叶片内防御酶、脱落酸以及空心莲子草挥发物的变化来探究空心莲子草的防御机制。通过对空心莲子草进行剪叶及莲草直胸跳甲取食处理24 h后,测定叶片内防御酶活性(PPO、POD、LOX和PAL),发现各防御酶活性变化并不完全相同,且各防御酶活性与处理时间及处理方式有着密切的关系。采用动态顶空收集法,对经不同虫态莲草直胸跳甲取食后空心莲子草的挥发物进行采集分析。结果表明,空心莲子草经不同虫态莲草直胸跳甲取食后收集到的挥发物数量与含量成正相关的关系。空心莲子草经1龄幼虫、3龄幼虫及成虫取食后挥发性物质种类数量分别为45种、16种和6种,而对照组空心莲子草挥发物共捕获8种。对经莲草直胸跳甲1龄幼虫、3龄幼虫及成虫持续取食24 h的空心莲子草叶片ABA含量进行测定发现,各处理后空心莲子草叶片内脱落酸ABA含量均高于对照组,其中1龄幼虫和3龄幼虫显著高于对照组。综上所述,机械损伤及昆虫取食均能诱导空心莲子草各防御酶活性的升高;被莲草直胸跳甲取食后的空心莲子草挥发物发生改变,并且叶片内ABA含量升高,说明空心莲子草经机械损伤和莲草直胸跳甲取食胁迫后可产生一定的防御反应,但是其防御机制(如叶片内营养物质含量、次生代谢产物的变化等)及各防御功能之间的关系还有待进一步研究。
[Abstract]:In the process of co-evolution between plants and phytophagous insects, perfect defense measures were gradually formed to deal with insect feeding. As an alien invasive weed, Lotus seed is widely distributed and seriously damaged, and its special natural enemy, Lilium chinensis, is widely used in the prevention and control of lotus seed. In this study, the defense mechanism of Hollow Lotus seed was studied by the changes of defense enzymes, abscisic acid and volatile matter in leaves after feeding stress. The defense enzyme activity of PPOP POD LOX and PALLX in leaves were determined after 24 hours of leaf clipping and straight breast armour feeding on lotus seed. The results showed that the changes of defense enzyme activities were not exactly the same in leaves, and the results showed that the changes of defense enzyme activity were not the same as those of PPOP PODX and PALX. The activity of each defense enzyme was closely related to the treatment time and treatment mode. Dynamic headspace collection method was used to collect and analyze the volatiles of lotus seed after feeding with different insect species. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the amount of volatiles collected by different insect species and the content of the volatile compounds. The number of volatile substances in the third instar larvae and adults were 45 species, 16 species and 6 species, respectively, while in the control group, 8 species were captured. The content of ABA in the leaves of the third instar larvae and adults fed on the first instar larvae of Lilifera chinensis for 24 h was determined. The results showed that the content of abscisic acid ABA in the leaves of each treatment was higher than that in the control group. The 1st instar larva and 3rd instar larva were significantly higher than the control group. In conclusion, mechanical injury and insect feeding could induce the increase of the activities of defense enzymes, and the changes of the volatiles and the increase of ABA content in leaves. The results showed that lotus seed could produce a certain defense response after mechanical injury and feeding stress, but its defense mechanism (such as the content of nutrients in leaves), The changes of secondary metabolites, etc.) and the relationship between each defense function need to be further studied.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S451;S476

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