生态幸福观教育研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 04:24

本文关键词： 生态幸福观生态幸福观教育马克思主义　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国民众的物质生活得到极大丰富,文化素质普遍提升,对于精神生活的追求层次也随之提高。但是,伴随市场经济发展给我国带来社会进步的同时,也使得功利主义、个人主义、享乐主义的幸福观在我国国人心中潜滋暗长。对物质财富的不断占有、对个人成名的不断追逐、对自然资源的不断索取成为很多人心中默认的生活理念。这种空缺了人的精神追求的幸福观不仅造成生态环境的日益恶化,而且也使人不断承受生命意义的缺失和人性异化的痛苦。基于此,一种既利于生态环境保护又符合人性要求的生态幸福观在生态文明建设时代应运而生。生态幸福观是伴随人类实践能力提升基础上出现的生态需要而产生的,具有社会性和历史性的特点。显然,生态幸福观教育符合当前社会主义现代化建设和实现中华民族伟大复兴的要求,成为生态文明建设视域下思想政治教育的重要内容。本文立足于马克思主义破解人的异化和自然异化的幸福观理论,以现实的人的实践活动为逻辑起点,对生态幸福观进行理论研究,并进一步将生态幸福观教育作为思想政治教育的一项重要内容,研究生态幸福观教育的内涵与本质、理论依据与借鉴、内容与价值、方法与路径等内容。生态幸福是人们通过认识和改造自然的实践,在获得自然科学认知、生态情感体验、道德意志品性、生态审美境界和健康生活理念的过程中所感受到的幸福。这种幸福主要包含在认识自然生态过程中实现好奇心和求知欲的满足,在亲近自然生态过程中获得身心愉悦的体验,在维护自然生态中获得德性品质的提升,在欣赏自然生态中升华生态审美的境界,在保护自然生态中养成健康的生活方式。而生态幸福观是人们对生态的幸福所持有的基本观点和总的看法。本文立足于实践唯物主义哲学,在提出生态幸福观的内涵之后,主要围绕着“生态幸福观教育的内涵与本质”—“生态幸福观教育的价值意义”——“生态幸福观教育的资源借鉴”——“生态幸福观教育的内容”——“生态幸福观教育的方法”——“生态幸福观教育的路径”六个方面依次论述。第一部分“生态幸福观教育的内涵与本质”。生态幸福观教育以全体公民为教育对象,以人与生态的关系为探讨主线,以基础层次的生态理论教育和深层次的生态幸福观理论教育为内容结构。基于此,生态幸福观教育是针对全体公民这一广泛的社会群体,根据不同公民的认知水平、情感状况、道德素养、生活方式的不同,有目的、有计划地进行旨在引导人们树立对自然生态的科学认知,对自然生态的休闲情感,对自然生态的德性规范,对自然生态的审美情怀,最终形成利于自然生态的幸福理念教育。其本质是倡导人们践行一种合于生态的自觉、平衡、简约的生活方式。它具有主观性与客观性、个人性与社会性以及目的性与规律性相统一的特征。第二部分“生态幸福观教育的价值意义”。这部分主要是基于三个角度,即生态幸福观教育在工具性价值、人文性价值、功能目的实现方面对思想政治教育的意义。生态幸福观教育中的生态休闲观和生态消费观教育可减少对自然生态的破坏和掠夺,体现了生态文明视域下思想政治教育的生态价值；它们可以释放人的精神压力和救赎人的物化痛苦,彰显了思想政治教育的人文关怀,体现了人学范式研究转换的需要；此外,生态幸福观教育在优化思想政治教育的自然环境、丰富思想政治教育的内容体系以及发挥思想政治教育的合力方面具有促进思想政治教育实践探索的意义。第三部分“生态幸福观教育的资源借鉴”。生态幸福观理论的科学性、深刻性和合理性是生态幸福观教育深入人心的根本。基于此,生态幸福观教育的资源借鉴主要源于对生态幸福观理论的深入理解。马克思主义幸福观为生态幸福观教育合人类社会实践发展的需要、合人的自由全面发展的追求以及合辩证统一的全面科学性寻找到理论依据；西方马克思主义者如福斯特、莱易斯等人关于通过道德革命、幸福维度来解决生态危机,以及西方环境美德伦理学关于环境德性伦理的理论和实践探索对生态幸福观教育给予重要的借鉴价值；由儒、释、道三家交织组成的中国传统文化关于人与自然和谐统一的思想为生态幸福观教育给予深厚的民族底蕴根基。第四部分“生态幸福观教育的内容”。结合我国公民日常生活的特点和生态幸福观的内涵,我们将生态幸福观教育的内容确定为唯物辩证的生态认知观教育、自由的生态休闲观教育、适度的生态消费观教育以及和谐的生态审美观教育。唯物辩证的生态认知观教育可以帮助公民正确地认识人与自然、人与人以及自我身心的关系。自由的生态休闲观教育可以引导人们感受自然的魅力,获得精神的愉悦和放松。适度的生态消费观教育可以使人们挣脱被物奴役的状态,在节制的品性锻炼中提升个人幸福。和谐的生态审美观教育可以提升人们自然形象审美、自然艺术审美以及自然人化审美的境界,以形成人与自然和谐共美的信念。第五部分“生态幸福观教育的方法”。生态幸福观教育作为思想政治教育的重要内容,理应借鉴如理论教育法、实践教育法、典型教育法、自我教育法等传统的思想政治教育方法。除此之外,生态幸福观还拥有自己的特殊方法：即生态体验法、因势利导法和道德想象法。生态体验法是由作为有感性的人在生态实践的基础上,唤醒其生态潜能,不断领悟自己内部世界与外部世界错综复杂矛盾关系的方法。因势利导法是因不同群体的理解能力、性格特点和关注焦点的不同而利导的方法。道德想象法是运用个体的道德想象力,发挥个体移情能力、情境领悟能力、幸福预见能力的方法。这几种方法对于生态认知、生态休闲、生态消费和生态审美观的培养颇为重要。第六部分“生态幸福观教育的路径”。生态幸福观教育离不开社会环境的影响,学校教育、家庭社区环境、大众传媒、民间机构组织以及政府组织都对生态幸福观教育影响显著。因此,从这些方面来探寻生态幸福观教育的路径是绝佳选择。学校教育者的引导是针对青少年群体进行教育的关键,可通过拓展课程建设、优化校园生态环境、开展主题实践活动的渠道进行；家庭和社区影响是生态幸福观教育的基石,前者是对孩子进行生态幸福观教育的起点,后者是培养社区民众生态幸福意识的平台；大众传媒的宣传对扩大生态幸福观的影响力至关重要,为此要确保大众传媒宣传价值观的正确导向和宣传方法、内容的创新；民间机构组织的环境熏陶对生态幸福观教育起强化作用；政府组织的支持如政策的导向和扶持、公众环保参与制度的健全是生态幸福观教育的保障。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our people's material life has been greatly enriched, cultural quality generally improved, for the pursuit of the spiritual life level also increased. However, with the development of market economy and social progress brought to our country, but also makes the utilitarianism, individualism, hedonism happiness in growing hearts of people in China. The possession of material wealth, pursuit of personal fame, of the natural resources constantly for the hearts of many people become the default concept of life. Such a vacancy the pursuit of the spirit of happiness not only caused the deterioration of ecological environment, but also the lack of people continue to bear the meaning of life and the alienation of human nature based on this pain. A, is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment and meet the requirements of the human ecological happiness concept emerged in the era of ecological civilization. Ecological view of happiness is accompanied by human practice ability Which occurs based on the need to improve the ecological, social and historical characteristics. Obviously, ecological concept of happiness education in line with the current construction of socialist modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, has become the important content of Ideological and political education from the perspective of ecological civilization construction. Based on the Marx doctrine to break the alienation of people and nature the alienation view of happiness theory, with the reality of people's practice as the logical starting point, the theoretical research of the ecological concept of happiness, and the ecological concept of happiness education as an important content of Ideological and political education, the research of ecological concept of happiness education connotation and essence, theoretical basis and reference, content and value, method and path etc. ecological happiness is people through the practice of understanding and transforming nature in natural science, ecological cognition, emotional experience, moral volition character, ecological Feel the process of aesthetic realm and the concept of a healthy life in happiness. This happiness mainly includes in understanding the natural ecology in the process of curiosity and satisfaction of the physical pleasure and experience in natural ecology in the process of improving the quality, made in the maintenance of natural ecology, ecological aesthetic appreciation in the realm of sublimation the natural ecology, develop a healthy way of living in the natural ecological protection. The ecological concept of happiness is the basic view of people hold happiness on the ecological and general view. This paper is based on the philosophy of practical materialism, after put forward the connotation of ecological concept of happiness, mainly around the "ecological concept of happiness education connotation and essence" ecological concept of happiness education value "," ecological concept of happiness education resources from the "ecological concept of happiness education content", "ecological The concept of happiness education method "--" ecological concept of happiness education path "six aspects are discussed. The first part" and the essence of "ecological education of happiness. The connotation of ecological concept of happiness education to all citizens as the object of education, the relationship between people and ecology in order to explore the main line, to basic level of ecological theory and education deep ecological view of happiness theory education as the content structure. Based on this, the ecological concept of happiness education is for all citizens of this extensive social group, according to the different cognitive level, emotional status of citizens, moral qualities, the different way of life, a purpose, planned to guide people to establish a scientific cognition of natural ecology the natural ecological leisure emotion, virtue norms of the natural ecology of natural ecological aesthetic feelings, and ultimately the formation of the idea of happiness education to the natural ecology. Its essence is to advocate people They follow a suitable ecological consciousness, balance, simple way of life. It has the characteristics of subjectivity and objectivity, individual and society, the unity of purpose and regularity. The second part "the value and significance of ecological concept of happiness education. This part is mainly based on three aspects, namely the ecological view of happiness. In the education tool value, humanities value, significance function to achieve the purpose of Ideological and political education. The ecological concept of happiness education in the view of ecological leisure and ecological consumption education can reduce the destruction of nature and plunder, embodies the ecological value of the ideological and Political Education under the perspective of ecological civilization; they can release the pain of people's mental pressure and the salvation of human, humanistic care of Ideological and political education, to embody the human science research paradigm conversion; in addition, the ecological concept of happiness education in Ideological and political education optimization With the natural environment, enrich the content system of Ideological and political education and force the ideological and political education has significance to promote ideological and political education exploration practice. The third part of the "ecological concept of happiness education reference." scientific ecological view of happiness theory, profound and rationality is the ecological concept of happiness education deeply. Based on the fundamental the ecological concept of happiness education resources from the main source to understand the theory of ecological view of happiness. Marx's view of happiness for the ecological concept of happiness education social practice development of human needs, and the comprehensive development of human freedom and the pursuit of comprehensive scientific dialectical unity to find the theoretical basis of Western Marxists such as Marx; Forster, Lewis, et al. On the dimension of happiness through moral revolution, to solve the ecological crisis, and western environmental virtue ethics on Environment To explore the theory and practice of virtue ethics of ecological concept of happiness education gives important reference value; by Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism three intertwined China composed of traditional culture on the harmony between man and nature of the thought of ecological concept of happiness education gives the foundation of the national heritage. The fourth part of the "ecological concept of happiness education content. Combined with the characteristics and connotation of ecological well-being of our citizens' daily life concept, we will determine the content of ecological education of Happiness Concept Education for ecological cognition of dialectical materialism, ecological leisure education free, moderate ecological consumption education and harmonious ecological aesthetic education. Ecological cognition of dialectical materialism education can help citizens the correct understanding of relationship between man and nature, man and man and self. The ecological leisure education freedom can guide people to feel the charm of nature, spiritual pleasure And relax. The ecological moderate consumption view education can make people get rid of the bondage of the state, to enhance personal well-being in exercise control in the nature. The harmonious ecological aesthetic education can improve human nature image aesthetic, natural aesthetic art and humanization of nature aesthetic realm, to form a human harmony with the nature of beauty and belief. Fifth part of the "method" of ecological concept of happiness education. The ecological concept of happiness education as an important content of Ideological and political education, should refer to as the method of theoretical education, practical education method, the typical method of education, self education method and the traditional way of Ideological and political education. In addition, the ecological concept of happiness also has a special method: ecological experience, in the light of its general trend method and moral imagination method. Ecological experience method is made as a sensitive person in the foundation of ecological practice, awaken the ecological potential, continue to grasp their own internal world The method with the outside world. The perplexing contradiction between different groups is in the light of its general trend for understanding ability, personality characteristics and different focuses and guiding methods. Moral imagination method is the use of individual moral imagination, individual empathy, situational comprehension ability, the ability to foresee the happiness. This method several methods for ecological cognition. Ecological leisure, ecological consumption and the ecological aesthetic culture is very important. The sixth part of the "path" of ecological concept of happiness education. Ecological view of happiness, education cannot do without the social environment of the school education, family and community environment, mass media, folk organization and government organization on the ecological concept of happiness education therefore significantly affected. From these aspects, to explore the path of ecological concept of happiness education is the best choice. School education is the key to guide the education for teenagers, can By expanding the curriculum construction, optimizing the ecological environment of the campus, to carry out the practical activities of the theme channels; family and community is the cornerstone of the ecological concept of happiness education, the former is the starting point of ecological concept of happiness education for children, which is to cultivate community ecological awareness of happiness of the platform; the mass media to expand the vital ecological view of happiness. This influence, to ensure that the mass media value of correct guidance and propaganda methods, content innovation; folk organization of environmental influence of ecological concept of happiness education play the role of strengthening; government organizations to support such as policy guidance and support, public participation in environmental protection system is the ecological concept of happiness education protection.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D64

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