关于思想政治教育学科界定的理论思考

发布时间：2018-04-10 22:26

本文选题：思想政治教育 + 学科建设　；参考：《中南大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：思想政治教育学科还是一门稚嫩的学科,对一些带有根本性的理论与实践问题,诸如研究对象、学科本质、学科属性、学科边界、功能定位等,学界仍然缺乏共识。深度探讨这些问题的理论本质及其发展趋势,对学科理论进行适度甚至是高度概括,就是学科界定。这对推动学科的科学发展具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。思想政治教育学科有着深厚的历史渊源和广泛的社会背景,有中国传统德教文化的历史积淀、我党思想政治工作的历史经验、世界其他国家中有关公民意识、政治意识、和伦理道德教育的借鉴。在马克思主义理论指导下,学科经历了初步建设、学科整合、深度发展三个阶段,始终遵循着服从服务主导意识形态、借鉴依托相关学科成果、总结升华思政实践经验的发展理路。研究对象是学科确立的逻辑起点。思想政治教育学科研究对象必须体现主导意识形态的存在,是以主导意识形态为核心的思想政治教育现象及其规律,存在一个“一体两翼”的结构特征,核心概念是思想政治教育,主要研究领域涵盖思想政治教育的本质、价值和实施三个方面。学科本质是一门学科存在合理性的哲学依据。思政学科的本质可以概括为思想政治教育现象的学理认知、思政实践的理论升华、思政规律的知识体系等方面,是关于意识形态教育理论方法的逻辑体系。马克思主义本质观是学科本质存在的理论依据,思想政治教育“生命线”地位的确立是学科本质的实践依据。理论属性是指学科理论表现出的内在联系性和逻辑性,是反映学科最一般、最本质的特性,是划分学科归属的学术标准。它是学科研究对象进行形而上的理论抽象产生的学科属性特征。从理论属性上讲,思想政治教育是一门多科融合的交叉边缘学科,是服从服务于马克思主义意识形态的应用学科,又是中国向度的意识形态教育类学科。学科应坚持国际视野的学术追求,避免成为自说自话、封闭僵化的理论体系。实践属性是指学科在连接主客观活动过程中的内在规定性,是学科表现出的应用性和工具性特征。它是因学科研究对象根植实践、源于实践、指向实践而产生的学科属性。具体表现为理论来源的实践性、目的指向的实践性和学科特殊的应用性。理论来源的实践性是指其学科直接源于思想政治工作实践,根植于实践需要；学科的目的指向,主要在于人的政治社会化实践和精神建构实践；学科特殊的应用性,特就特在提升人们思想政治素质、实现社会的意识形态控制等方面的特定实践。思想政治教育学科的社会功能,是学科界定的重要内涵性因素.它集中体现为发挥核心价值主导下的超越性思想引领功能,可具体分解为解释性功能、目的性功能、工具性功能三个基本维度。为取得话语形式和表现形式的突破,更好地发挥学科的社会功能,还必须更加注重教育对象接受心理、主客体互动规律、教育信息传播的优化、隐性教育资源的挖掘等方面的突破性研究。学科边界是指一门学科在研究领域、功能发挥方面的限度,是学科界定的重要外延性因素。通过比较分析,思政学科与同领域的相邻二级学科的边界要进一步厘清；与德育学在狭义概念和概念来源上差异明显；与政治学和伦理学在对象和研究侧重中有很大不同。与国外相关意识形态类学科比较,体现出强烈的中国风格等。
[Abstract]:The subject of Ideological and political education is a young discipline, some of the fundamental problems of theory and practice, such as the research object, subject essence, subject attribute, subject boundary, function orientation, scholars still lack of consensus. To explore the depth of theoretical essence and development trend of these problems, the theory of moderate or even height generally, is the subject definition. This is to promote scientific development, has important theoretical value and practical significance.
The subject of Ideological and political education has profound historical origin and broad social background, there are Chinese traditional moral education history and culture, the historical experience of our party's ideological and political work, the citizens of other countries in the world in consciousness, political consciousness, moral education and reference. In the guidance of Marx's Theory, the discipline has experienced preliminary the construction of disciplinary integration, three stages of depth development, has always followed the service dominant ideology, from relying on the results of the related disciplines, summarizes the development path of sublimation of Ideological and political practice.
The research object is the logical starting point of the establishment of a discipline. The object of the ideological and political education research must embody the dominant ideology, is the ideological and political education phenomenon in the dominant ideology is the core of the structure and its law, there is a "one body with two wings", the core concept is the ideological and political education, the essence of the ideological and political education mainly covers the research field value, and the implementation of the three aspects.
The subject is the essence of philosophical basis for the rationality of the existence of a discipline. The essence of Ideological and political education can be summarized as the phenomenon of Ideological and political education of academic knowledge, sublimation of Ideological and political theory in the practice of Ideological and political aspects, the knowledge system of law, is the logic system of theory and method of ideological education. Marx's view of nature is the theoretical basis of subject essence the establishment of the ideological and political education "lifeline" status is the subject essence and practice basis.
The theory of property refers to the theory show the inner relation and logic, is the most general characteristics reflect the discipline, the most essential, is divided subject academic standards. It is the object of study of the metaphysical theory of abstract the subject attribute characteristics. From the theory on the attribution, the ideological and political education is a cross subject a multidisciplinary fusion, is subject to serve Marx ideology, and China to ideological education disciplines degree. Subjects should adhere to academic pursuit, to avoid becoming a talking, closed and rigid theory system.
The practice of property refers to the internal rules of the discipline in the connection of subjective and objective in the process, is the applied science show and instrumental features. It is because the study subject is rooted in practice, from practice, subject attribute points to practice and has practicality. The theory source, application purpose practice and Practice of special subject. Theoretical sources is that the subject directly derives from the practice of Ideological and political work, rooted in the need of practice; the purpose of the subject, mainly lies in the political socialization of people's practice and spirit construction practice; the application of a special, special characteristics in raising people's ideological and political quality in practice, the realization of specific social ideology control.
The subject of Ideological and political education is an important social function, connotation factors. It embodies the definition of discipline to play under the guidance of the core value of transcendental thought leading function, can be divided into specific interpretation function, objective function, three basic dimensions of tool function. For the discourse form breakthrough. Better play the social function of the discipline, must also pay more attention to the object of education psychology, the rule of interaction between subject and object, and optimize the education of information dissemination, breakthrough mining and other aspects of implicit education resources.
The subject boundary is a subject in the field of research, the function of the limits is an important extension of the subject definition. Factors through a comparative analysis of political thought in the same field and adjacent disciplines two disciplines to further clarify the boundaries; and in the narrow sense of moral education concept and the concept of the sources of differences and politics; and ethics in the object and focus on research in very different. Comparing with foreign related ideological disciplines, reflecting the strong China style.

【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D64

【参考文献】