论价值观教育与青年健康心理人格的塑造

发布时间：2018-06-18 07:39

本文选题：价值观 + 价值观教育　；参考：《清华大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：价值观是人们关于价值本质的认识以及对人和事物的评价标准、评价原则、评价方法的观点体系,对人的实践起着激励、制约和导向作用。个体人生价值的实现一定程度上取决于心理人格等非智力因素。心理人格是个人所具有的心理特征的总和。它由心理的认知能力、调控能力、适应能力等具体能力构成,决定着个体的个性特征。健康心理人格是个体心理积极和谐的一种状态,是青年实现人生价值的重要前提。健康心理人格更全面、更本质地决定了人们的实践效能。价值观偏差是青年出现心理人格问题的重要成因。正确的价值观能够保证青年从人民利益和发展要求出发,始终以实事求是精神去认识世界和改造世界,把崇尚理性、追求真实、反对虚假作为进行科学认识和实践活动的基本品格。这样,青年在实践中就会既坚持崇尚真理,又调动情感、意志等非理性因素和精神体验来展示和表现人的本质和人的价值追求。西方学界代表人物主要从心理人格的生理基础、心理基础、内在动力机制、能量转换规律、内外倾人格特质、“自在”与“自为”的转换原理等方面研究心理人格问题。他们的研究更多地局限在对个体人的身体和心理机能的考察,忽视了人的实践性和社会性。而历史唯物主义把人看成是现实的、可以观察到的、在一定历史条件下进行的发展过程中的人,而不是孤立的、抽象化的个体。健康心理人格的主体应是“现实的个人”、“社会化的人”、“全面发展的人”、“理性与非理性相统一的人”、“具有社会实践性的人”。价值观对塑造健康心理人格有重要的统领作用,健康心理人格的塑造有利于价值观的内化和实践。社会主义价值观是对社会主义核心价值观核心旨趣的具体化、可操作化呈现。社会主义价值观对当代青年的思想、意识、行为起着正向规约作用。社会主义价值观教育应成为塑造青年健康心理人格的核心路径。通过社会主义价值观教育使青年坚持真理尺度和价值尺度的辩证统一方法论原则,正确认识自我与社会的辩证关系,将正确价值观与社会实践相结合,使认知、情感、意志和行为相协调,并建立有效的个体道德自觉机制和利我思维最优化行为模式,从而激发其一切积极心理力量从“内部斗争”转为外部合理释放。青年的意识、智慧得以发展,青年更加热爱自我、环境和他人,自我的需要也得到了满足,健康心理人格得以形成,最终实现马克思所断言的“把人的世界和自身的关系还给人本身”,即人自身的解放的终极目标。
[Abstract]:Values are the view system of people's understanding of the nature of value and the evaluation criteria, principles and methods of evaluation of people and things, which play an important role in encouraging, restricting and guiding people's practice. The realization of individual life value depends to some extent on non-intelligence factors such as psychological personality. Psychological personality is the sum total of individual's psychological characteristics. It is composed of specific abilities such as cognitive ability, control ability, adaptability and so on, which determines individual personality characteristics. Healthy psychological personality is a positive and harmonious state of individual psychology and an important prerequisite for young people to realize their life value. Healthy psychological personality is more comprehensive, more essential to determine the effectiveness of people's practice. The deviation of values is an important cause of youth psychological personality problems. The correct values can ensure that the youth, proceeding from the interests of the people and the requirements of development, can always understand and transform the world in the spirit of seeking truth from facts, advocating reason and pursuing truth. Oppose falsehood as the basic character of scientific understanding and practical activities. In this way, the youth in practice will not only uphold the truth, but also mobilize emotion, will and other irrational factors and spiritual experience to show and express the essence of human and the pursuit of human value. The representative figures in western academic circles mainly study the psychological personality from the aspects of physiological basis, psychological basis, internal dynamic mechanism, energy conversion law, introverted personality characteristics, the conversion principle of "freedom" and "self-help" and so on. Their studies are more limited to the physical and psychological functions of individuals, ignoring the practicality and sociality of human beings. However, historical materialism regards human beings as realistic, observable, and in the process of development under certain historical conditions, rather than isolated and abstract individuals. The main body of healthy psychological personality should be "realistic individual", "socialized person", "all-round development person", "rational and irrational unified person", "person with social practice". Values play an important leading role in shaping healthy psychological personality, and the shaping of healthy psychological personality is beneficial to the internalization and practice of values. Socialist values are the embodiment and operationalization of the core purport of socialist core values. Socialist values play a positive role in the thought, consciousness and behavior of contemporary youth. The education of socialist values should become the core path of shaping the healthy psychological personality of young people. Through the education of socialist values, the youth can adhere to the principle of dialectical unity methodology of truth scale and value scale, correctly understand the dialectical relationship between themselves and society, combine correct values with social practice, and make them know and feel. The will and behavior are coordinated, and an effective individual moral conscious mechanism and the optimal behavior mode of self-interest thinking are established, thus motivating all its positive psychological forces from "internal struggle" to "external reasonable release". The consciousness and wisdom of the youth are developed, the young people love themselves, the environment and others more, the needs of the self are also satisfied, and the healthy psychological personality is formed. Finally, the ultimate goal of human liberation is to realize Marx's assertion that "the relationship between man's world and himself is returned to man itself."
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D64

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