汉日语男性与女性道歉策略的对比研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 19:46

本文关键词： 言语行为道歉策略对比　出处：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球化的进一步深化,各国之间的交往也日益频繁。为了实现各国之间更融洽地交流,现如今的语言教育不仅重视语言技巧的提高,而且越来越看重语言能力的培养,尤其是跨文化交际能力的培养。在不同的文化中,道歉都是一种日常生活中经常会遇到的言语行为,也是极为常见的社交行为。虽然不同语言中的“道歉”语存在共性,但是语言是文化的载体,映射不同文化的不同语言必然在道歉策略以及需要道歉的冒犯行为的选择上会有所差异。即使是同属东亚文化圈,同中国文化渊源很深的日本人在道歉策略及需要道歉的冒犯行为的选择上,同中国人有所不同。在过去30年间,西方语言学家对道歉语以及道歉语的跨文化比较进行了一系列的实证研究,大部分研究集中于中英,日韩,日英的对比,然而对汉语道歉语与日语道歉语进行比较的研究尚少。本文以日常生活中的道歉言语行为为研究对象,通过对中日语道歉行为进行问卷调查,对比分析中日两种语言,对比道歉语选择,进而分析影响中日道歉言语行为差异的因素。调查结果表明:中日两国人民使用道歉语的频率都很高,这与中日两国自古以来重视“和”的思想和“礼”的文化是分不开的;两国人民针对冒犯行为都会采取直接的道歉表达以及其它的道歉策略。但是日本人更倾向于使用固定的道歉语表达,中国人则会运用其它的道歉策略来表达自己的心情;道歉时,中国人通过向对方表示关心来拉近对方的距离,而日本人更倾向于承担冒犯行为的责任。此外,还有一个有趣的现象:只有中国女性会同时用中文和英文来向对方表达歉意,这可能同她们日常学习中经常使用英语有关。本文旨在帮助理解中日语言文化的差异,促进两国之间的交流。
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of globalization, exchanges between countries are becoming more and more frequent. In order to achieve more harmonious communication among countries, nowadays language education attaches importance not only to the improvement of language skills, but also to the cultivation of language competence. Especially the cultivation of cross-cultural communicative competence. In different cultures, apology is a speech act that is often encountered in daily life, and it is also a very common social behavior. Although there are similarities in "apology" in different languages, language is the carrier of culture. Different languages that map different cultures are bound to differ in apology strategies and in the choice of offending behaviors that require apology, even if they belong to the East Asian cultural community, The Japanese, who have deep cultural ties with China, are different from the Chinese in the choice of apology strategy and offensive behavior. In the past 30 years, Western linguists have conducted a series of empirical studies on the cross-cultural comparison of apology and apology, most of which have focused on the comparison among China, Japan, South Korea and Japan. However, there are few studies on the comparison between Chinese and Japanese apologies. Taking the speech act of apology in daily life as the research object, this paper makes a questionnaire survey on apology behavior in Chinese and Japanese, compares the two languages, and compares the choice of apology language. Then it analyzes the factors that influence the differences of speech acts of apology between China and Japan. The results show that the people of China and Japan use apology very frequently, which is inseparable from the thought of "harmony" and the culture of "ceremony" in China and Japan since ancient times; Both peoples will adopt direct apology expressions and other apology strategies for offending behavior. However, Japanese tend to use fixed apology expressions, while Chinese people will use other apology strategies to express their feelings; When apologizing, the Chinese draw closer to each other by showing concern, while the Japanese are more likely to take responsibility for offending. It is also interesting that only Chinese women apologise to each other in both Chinese and English, which may be related to their regular use of English in their daily study. The purpose of this paper is to help understand the differences between Chinese and Japanese languages and cultures and to promote exchanges between the two countries.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H136;H36

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