关于日语反身用法的考察

发布时间：2018-04-18 07:33

本文选题：反身 + 反身性　；参考：《福建师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代日语中的“反身性”能够分为词汇层面的反身性与句子层面的反身性两种。所谓的具有词汇层面反身性的动词,指的是像「着る」「浴びる」这类,词汇义仅为反身义的动词。句子层面的反身性指的是,普通及物动词在特定的条件下,表现出的反身性。本文从反身动词和反身句这两个角度入手,对“反身”这一现象进行整理。由于反身性具有程度的高低,因此,不论是反身动词还是反身句都具有多样性,本文针对这一点进行了分析。本文从词汇角度,根据语义特征的不同,将反身动词分为“表示穿脱动作的动词”、“表示搂、抱动作的动词”、“表示身体姿势变化、表情变化的动词”、“表示生理、心理变化的动词”四类,并对各类的语义特征进行了归纳总结。从句子层面入手,本文不仅考察了反身句,同时也将与反身句类似,主体与客体间存在所属关系的句子也一并纳入考察范围。主体与客体间存在所属关系的句子里,既有反身句,也有同反身句类似的及物句,因此,为了更加明确反身句的外延,有必要对主体与客体间存在所属关系的句子进行整体分析,归类。本文首先根据主体是有情物还是无情物将主体与客体间存在所属关系的句子分为两大类,再进一步根据主体与客体间的关系,将有情物为主体的句子分为以下三类(i)主体和客体是一体的情况(ii)主体和客体不是一体的情况(iii)主体不是动作者,而是使役主体的情况。
[Abstract]:Reflexivity in modern Japanese can be divided into lexical reflexivity and sentence reflexivity.The so-called lexical reflexive verb refers to a verb with a reflexive meaning, such as "Zaozhuo" and "Bath Fangan", in which the lexical meaning is only a reflexive verb.Reflexivity at sentence level refers to the reflexivity of ordinary transitive verbs under certain conditions.From the two angles of reflexive verb and reflexive sentence, this paper collates the phenomenon of reflexive verb and reflexive sentence.Because of the degree of reflexivity, both reflexive verbs and reflexive sentences are diverse.From the lexical point of view, according to the differences in semantic features, the reflexive verbs are divided into three categories: "verbs for wearing off actions", "verbs for cuddling and hugging actions", "verbs for changes in body posture and expressions", "verbs for physiological changes".The four kinds of verbs of psychological change are summarized.Starting from the sentence level, this paper not only examines the reflexive sentence, but also brings the sentence which belongs to the subject and object into the scope of investigation.There are both reflexive sentences and transitive sentences similar to reflexive sentences in which there is a relationship between subject and object. Therefore, in order to clarify the extension of reflexive sentences,It is necessary to analyze and classify the sentences in which there is a relationship between subject and object.In this paper, the sentences of the relationship between the subject and the object are divided into two categories according to whether the subject is a sentient thing or a merciless object, and then according to the relationship between the subject and the object.The sentences with sentimental objects as the subject are divided into the following three categories: the subject and the object are one, the subject and the object are not one, the subject is not the author, but the case of the subject.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H36

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