关于授受补助动词的汉译研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 05:03

本文选题：授受补助动词 + 发话机能　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：授受补助动词作为日语的常用表达方式,不仅能体现日本人独特的思维方式,还能表现出日本人独特的暧昧的社会心理。日语授受补助动词的种类很多,使用方式很复杂,在不同的使用场合下会产生不同的意思,因此日语学习者对授受补助动词理解起来很困难。这种具有多种多样的意思和用法的授受补助动词不仅是日语学习的重点之一,在翻译的理解上也是一个难点。因此,日语中授受补助动词的汉译时经常会出现难以处理的情况。本文从语用论的观点出发,对先行研究进行总结归纳,利用中日对译语料库,着眼于授受补助动词的“机能性”,对语用论中产生的“发话机能”,以及作为待遇表现时产生的人际关系调整中的“对人机能”进行详尽的分析,并对各种机能下的授受补助动词的汉译情况进行研究。另外,探讨授受补助动词汉译时出现的语言认知以及社会心理等方面的限制因素。基于以上考察研究,可以得出以下结论：从语用论来看,由于授受补助动词对会话整体产生各种各样的发话机能,因此它的汉译情况也是多种多样的。“～テクレル”句在表示《请求意志》和《提供》的发话机能时经常直译、当表示《依赖》、《表明不满》的发话机能时,大多意译或者不译。“～テモラヴ”句在表示《请求意志》和《提供》的发话机能时经常直译,在表示《依赖》和《表明不满》的发话机能时,其汉译大多采用意译的方法。直译的话一般使用“要”、“让”、“请”、“给(你、我)”等语气表现,而意译则大多使用“可不可以…”、“(你)…吧”之类的语气表现。在翻译“～テヤル“句时,根据语境的不同,采取直译或不译的策略。授受补助动词作为“待遇表现”的一种,其汉译情况也是多种多样的テクレル”句在汉译时经常直译,而在表示“讽刺·困惑”、“立场反转”时有很多意译或者译不出的情况。“テモラヴ”句的三个机能在汉译时都可以直译,但是也存在意译、省略或译不出的情况。“～テヤル”句在汉译时经常采用直译的方法,但也有译不出的情况。关于授受补助动词表现的发话机能,中日两国语言最大的不同在于日语语法中有很多派生的语法形式,而在汉语里像这样的派生语法形式却比较少见。另外,日语作为一种语气体系很发达的语言,与汉语的语气体系区别明显。由于这种语气体系上的不同,在对具有特定发话机能的日语原文进行翻译时经常译不出原文的语感。同时,由于中日两国语言视点的不同,对授受补助动词进行直译时,要注意到日语原文没有人称代词,汉译时应该译出的情况。此外,在对具有“待遇表现”特征的授受补助动词进行汉译时也不能忽略文化思想和语言习惯引起的翻译限制。中国人一般会向对方直接清楚地传达自己的想法,但是日本人大多不直接用语言来表达自己的想法。这种语言表现心理上的差异对日语授受补助动词的汉译产生了很大的影响。
[Abstract]:As a common expression of Japanese, the receiving verb can not only reflect the unique way of thinking of the Japanese, but also show the unique ambiguous social psychology of the Japanese. There are many kinds of Japanese subsidized verbs, which are complex in use and different in different use situations. Therefore, the Japanese learners are willing to accept it. It is difficult to understand the auxiliary verbs. This kind of subsidized verb, which has a variety of meanings and uses, is not only one of the key points in Japanese learning, but also a difficult point in the understanding of translation. Therefore, it is often difficult to deal with the Chinese translation of the auxiliary verbs in Japanese.
From the point of view of pragmatics, this paper sums up the first research, uses the Chinese and Japanese translation corpus, focuses on the "function" of the subsidized verb, and analyzes the "machine energy" produced in the pragmatics, as well as the "human-computer ability" in the interpersonal relationship adjustment as the treatment performance. The Chinese translation of the subsidized verb under function is studied. In addition, the language cognition and the social psychological constraints in the Chinese translation of the subsidized verb are discussed.
Based on the above research, we can draw the following conclusions:
From the perspective of pragmatics, it is also a variety of Chinese translations because of the various kinds of telephones that give to the whole of the conversation. It often uses the method of free translation in the expression of "dependence > and < express discontent". The literal translation usually uses "want", "let", "please", "to (you, I)" and so on, while free translation is mostly used " Can you... " "(you)... According to the different contexts, the strategy of direct translation or non translation is adopted as a kind of "treatment performance". The three functions of the sentence can be translated directly in Chinese translation, but there are also free translation, omission or translation. The biggest difference in language between the two countries is that there are a lot of derived grammatical forms in Japanese grammar, but the derivative grammatical forms like this are rare in Chinese. In addition, Japanese as a very developed language is distinct from the Chinese mood system. Because of the difference in the gas system of this language, the language has a specific phone. At the same time, when the Chinese and Japanese language views are different and the Chinese and Japanese language views are different, we should pay attention to the fact that there is no personal pronouns in the original Japanese original and the translation in Chinese translation. In addition, the Chinese translation of the subsidized verbs with the characteristics of "treatment performance" should be translated into Chinese. We can not ignore the translation restrictions caused by cultural ideas and language habits. Chinese people generally convey their ideas directly to each other, but most Japanese do not express their ideas directly in language. The psychological difference in this language has a great influence on the Chinese translation of the Japanese subsidized verb.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H36

【参考文献】