网络电影的受众参与性研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 21:30

本文选题：网络电影 + 受众参与性　；参考：《江西财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：如果说传统电影是艺术与技术相结合的产物，那么网络电影就是电影艺术与网络技术相结合的产物。网络电影自诞生以来，短短十几年时间就获得了快速发展，取得了令人瞩目的成绩。网络电影不仅为电影产业提供了新的发展模式和平台，而且丰富了电影的艺术语言和类型。相对网络电影的蓬勃发展，学术界对这一新生事物地研究相对较滞后。网络电影的研究成果主要以学术论文为主，目前还没有专门讨论网络电影的著作。针对上述情况，本文主要从三个方面论述：首先界定网络电影的概念、发展历程和主要类型；其次具体分析网络电影受众的参与性及其意义；最后从文化研究的角度反思网络电影受众参与性的不足。对于网络电影这一新生事物概念的界定在学术界还未达成共识，除了有些站在不同的视角定义网络电影以外，还有学者把网络电影称为微电影、新媒体电影或手机电影等。笔者认为，虽然目前网络电影因技术和资金的限制使得片时相对较短（大多数以几分钟或十几分钟为主），但随着技术的进步和产业的发展，必然会有播放时间较长的电影出现，因此用微电影来界定并不合理。不同于电影和电视展示平台的相对固定，网络电影主要依靠网络来传播，而播出终端比较多样，如电脑、平板电脑和手机等，因此以新媒体电影和手机电影等播放终端来命名的方式亦不可取。笔者在结合其他学者研究的基础上，把网络电影定义为：专门为在网络发行和播放，以数字文件形式存在的，运用电影影像语言制作生产的叙事性动态视听艺术。网络电影的发展主要历经了三个时期，依次为萌芽期、发展期和壮大期，笔者认为随着网络电影的发展，在不久的将来必然会迎来成熟期。因技术的限制，网络电影在萌芽期的创作主要以专业团队的作品为主。这一时期产生了网络电影的重要类型之一交互式网络电影，不同于传统电影，交互式电影具有革命性的改变。它改变了以往的观影模式，受众利用专门的软件可以对影片的剧情进行随意的组合，极大的提高了受众的参与性。发展期的网络电影主要以网友原创为主，受众从以往的被动接受转变为主动创造，并迎来了创作的小高峰。随着专业团队的加入和广告商的资金支持，网络电影进入到了制作精良、类型多元的壮大期，其影响力也随之壮大。网络电影的每个发展阶段分别对应了一种网络电影的类型，分别是：交互式网络电影、原创网络电影和网络广告电影。综合分析了网络电影的发展历程和类型后，笔者认为网络电影区别于传统电影的最大特点就在于受众的参与性上。在梳理各学科领域对受众参与性的研究成果后得出：受众的参与性是按照被动→能动→主动这一脉络发展的。网络电影相较于传统电影在参与方式上有了新的变化发展，，主要体现为参与制作和生产，流通和传播，并且在反馈方式上也更多元，受众的影响力和决定性也不断加大。随着受众参与性的提高，其意义也得以彰显。受众通过解构经典、戏仿、拼贴等方式来抵制主流话语的影响，原创电影更是丰富了电影的艺术语言和叙事样式，进而参与了整个电影产业的发展，创造了年轻人独特的话语模式和新的流行。随着受众参与性的提高，当代年轻人的话语权得到了更为充分的体现，同时丰富了文化的多元性。但笔者认为还需从三个方面加以重视。首先，受众习惯通过对经典文本的解构来消解主流话语的影响，但在以视觉文化为主导的消费社会语境下，主流话语体现为世俗的商品话语，受众通过解构策略消解的主要是精英话语。其次，越来越多样的网络广告电影恰恰潜在的激发了受众潜在的消费欲望。最后，网络媒介作为受众的参与平台所标榜的自由和平等被误认为具有民主性和公平性，而笔者认为这种民主并非真正的民主，只是被商品消费的平等和自由所掩盖的虚假民主。因而，网络电影在未来很有可能成为制造消费欲望的新形式。笔者认为，网络电影受众的参与性是基于网络媒介的特殊性而产生的，因而还可以从网络媒介的角度开展对网络电影受众参与性的分析。
[Abstract]:If the traditional film is the product of the combination of art and technology, the network film is the product of the combination of the film art and the network technology. Since the birth of the network film, it has achieved rapid development in a short period of more than ten years, and has made remarkable achievements. The network film does not only provide a new development model for the film industry. Compared with the vigorous development of the movie, the academic circles are relatively lagging behind in the study of this new thing. The research results of the Internet movies are mainly based on academic papers, and there are no books on Internet movies at present. In this paper, this paper mainly discusses three aspects: First, we define the concept, the development course and the main types of the network film. Secondly, it analyzes the participatory and its significance of the audience of the network film, and finally rethinks the insufficiency of the audience participation of the network film from the angle of cultural research.
No consensus has been reached on the definition of the new concept of Internet movies, such as the concept of new things. In addition to the definition of network films in different perspectives, some scholars call the Internet films as micro films, new media films or mobile movies. It is short (mostly in minutes or more minutes), but with the progress of technology and the development of industry, it is inevitable that a longer movie will appear. Therefore, it is not reasonable to use micro film to define. Unlike the relatively fixed film and TV display platform, the network electric shadow is mainly transmitted by the network, and the broadcasting terminal is varied. Such as computers, tablets and mobile phones, and so on, so it is not advisable to name new media movies and mobile phones and other playback terminals. On the basis of other scholars' research, I define network films as: production and production in the form of digital documents in the form of digital documents for the distribution and play of the network. Narrative dynamic audiovisual art.
The development of network film has gone through three periods, in turn, the germination period, the development period and the growth period. The author thinks that with the development of the network film, it will inevitably usher in the mature period in the near future. Because of the technical limitations, the creation of the network film is mainly based on the works of the professional team. One of the important types of interactive Internet movies is different from traditional movies, interactive movies have revolutionary changes. It has changed the pattern of the past, and the audience can make use of special software to combine the plot of the film freely and greatly improve the audience's participation. The audience has changed from passive acceptance to active creation, and has greeted the small peak of creation. With the participation of professional teams and the support of advertisers, the Internet movies have come into good production, and their influence is stronger. The types are interactive online movies, original Internet movies and online advertising films.
After a comprehensive analysis of the course and type of the development of Internet movies, the author thinks that the biggest characteristic of the network film is the participation of the audience. After combing the research results of the audience participation in various fields, the audience's participation is developed in the context of passive, active and active. Compared with the traditional movie, it has a new change and development, which is mainly embodied in the participation in production and production, circulation and dissemination, and in the way of feedback, the influence and determination of the audience is also increasing. With the improvement of the audience participation, its significance is also highlighted. Audience through Deconstruction of classics, parody, collage To resist the influence of the mainstream discourse, the original film enriches the artistic language and narrative style of the film, and then participates in the development of the whole film industry and creates the unique discourse pattern and new fashion of the young people.
With the improvement of the audience's participation, the right of discourse of the contemporary young people has been more fully reflected, and it enriches the diversity of culture. But I think it needs to be paid more attention from three aspects. First, the audience habit can eliminate the influence of the mainstream discourse through the deconstruction of the classic text, but in the consumer society dominated by visual culture. In the context, the mainstream discourse is embodied in the secular commodity discourse, and the main discourse of the audience through the deconstruction strategy is the elite discourse. Secondly, the more and more diverse Internet advertising films precisely stimulate the audience's potential consumption desire. Finally, the freedom and equality of the Internet media as the audience's participation in the flat are mistaken for the people. I think that democracy is not a real democracy, but it is just a false democracy that is covered by the equality and freedom of commodity consumption. Thus, online movies are likely to become a new form of consumer desire in the future.
The author believes that the participation of the Internet movie audience is based on the particularity of the network media, so it can also analyze the participation of the audience of the network film from the angle of the network media.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G206;J905

【参考文献】