国产动画电影的叙事研究

发布时间：2018-11-24 20:59

【摘要】：纵观国产动画电影的播放时间多集中在国产电影保护月(6至8月)、法定节假日和寒暑假,票房虽然得到了保障,然而评分和票房的不对等,前期宣传和内容质量的不对等,主题意义和观众定位的不对等,都是目前国产动画电影亟待解决的问题。而2016年是国产真人CG动画电影的元年,国内首次出现应用真人捕捉技术拍摄的动画电影,在国内这不仅是技术上的突破,更为国产动画电影的制作提供了新的思路,在国产动画电影的研究中具有重要意义。本文中的国产动画电影指的是中国人在整部影片中以动画技术制作的电影,关键是动画电影的内容方面由中国团队独立负责,且作品能够表现出中国人对影片内容的理解、创意和构思。本文在研究了大量的相关资料后,试着分析国产动画电影的叙事要素和叙事结构,即以中国人自制的动画电影为研究对象,从观众的需求出发,结合教育学、叙事学、电影叙事学理论,把握国产动画电影的叙事特征。本文又通过对比其他国家优秀的动画电影和中国早期的优秀动画电影的叙事方式,经过细致分析,得出结论,并且以结论为基础,对当下国产动画电影的叙事提出指导性的建议。第一章为理论概述,主要是介绍了本文运用的教育学、电影叙事学和叙事学的相关理论。国产动画电影近年来在国产电影中所占比重一直不低,但近两年来高评分的国产动画电影非常少,普遍口碑比较差;笔者在研究中发现国产动画电影的制片人对动画电影的观众定位很模糊,希望通过对其他学科理论的简单介绍,让制片方明确儿童观看的动画电影的年龄界限,更好的把握电影独特的叙事方式和从整体了解有效的叙事方法。第二章通过对国产和动画电影这些概念的梳理,对国产动画电影的概念进行了清晰的界定,以便后期选定分析对象时界限分明选材完整。在这个章节中论述了国产动画电影的发展概况以及近几年国产动画电影的发展趋向。1941年国内出现了第一部国产动画电影,本文尝试根据其产量变化的特点分阶段进行简单的归纳总结。第三章为论文主体部分,从四个方面分析国产动画电影的叙事要素。首要先介绍的是叙事情节,电影叙事学中分析内容时,第一个要明确的就是叙事情节从而帮助下一节理解叙事人物在叙事情节中的变化,本文从发现和对立两方面去考量近年来的国产动画电影的叙事情节,探究国产动画电影的主要情节。其次,在电影中或这电影外都会有一个叙事者,而在电影叙事中叙事者通常会假借电影中的人物之口来表意,而人物是事件发展的行动元,希望通过对叙事人物的分析掌握电影人物形象的灵感来源、电影的叙事视角和其中的人物关系。接着对叙事时间进行分类,重点了解国产动画电影的叙事时距,感受不同的叙事时距的不同作用。最后,介绍的是叙事空间,分别从动画电影中的自然现象、社会背景和物质产品三个方面对动画电影的叙事空间进行分析,关注非叙事性的叙事空间在电影中的表达作用。第四章根据第三章对叙事要素中具体内容的分析,归纳总结国产动画电影的叙事结构,从蒙太奇结构和组合结构两方面,依据电影叙事结构概论对国产动画电影的叙事结构进行了解和分析。观察不同的叙事手法在国产动画电影中的运用情况,并总结出我国优秀国产动画电影的情节组合模式,为我国动画电影的制作实践提供借鉴的公式。第五章根据国产动画电影的叙事变迁状况将其分为发展期、探索期和高产期,并按照第三章和第四章对叙事要素和叙事结构的分析方式,总结归纳不同时期国产动画电影在叙事要素和叙事结构上的特点。并对比国外同时期优秀动画电影的叙事要素和叙事结构,分析国产动画电影在叙事要素和叙事结构上存在的问题和取得的阶段性成果。第六章在以上几章内容的基础上,总结了国产动画电影在叙事结构和叙事要素上存在的问题,并结合在研究中对观众短评的分析和观众反馈的问题,归纳出国产动画电影中存在的问题,进而有针对性的提出解决方案。而这些解决方案是根据笔者阅读的资料和观看的国内外优秀的动画电影总结出来的方法,从而扬长避短探索出国产动画电影的发展方向,为国产动画电影提高竞争力提供有效的方案。综上所述,对国产动画电影叙事要素和叙事结构的研究是本文的主要内容,但目的还是希望能对国产动画电影的口碑特别是提高国际竞争力方面提供借鉴,这也是本文的价值所在。
[Abstract]:As a whole, the playing time of the domestic animation film is concentrated in the domestic film protection month (June to August), the legal holidays and the cold and summer holidays, and the box office has been guaranteed, however, the non-equivalence of the score and the box office, the non-equivalence of the previous publicity and the content quality, and the like, The non-equivalence of the theme meaning and the orientation of the audience is the problem to be solved in the present domestic animation film. In 2016, in the first time, in the first time of China's real-life CG animation film, the real-life capture technology was used for the first time in China. It is not only a breakthrough in technology, but also a new idea for the production of domestic animation films. It is of great significance in the research of domestic animation films. The home-made animated film in this article refers to the film produced by the Chinese in the whole film by the animation technology, the key is the content of the animation film is the independent responsibility of the Chinese team, and the work can show the Chinese people's understanding, creativity and conception of the film content. After studying a lot of relevant data, this paper tries to analyze the narrative elements and the narrative structure of the domestic animated film, that is, the animated film made by the Chinese people as the research object, from the audience's demand, combining with the pedagogy, the narratology, the film narrative theory, To grasp the narrative characteristics of the domestic animated film. In this paper, through the comparison of the excellent animation films of other countries and the narrative way of the excellent animation films in the early stage of China, the author draws a conclusion, and based on the conclusion, the author gives a guiding suggestion on the narrative of the domestic animated film. The first chapter is a theoretical overview, which mainly introduces the related theories of the pedagogy, the film narrative and the narratology applied in this paper. In recent years, home-made animation films have not been low in domestic films, but the domestic animation films with high scores in recent two years are very low, and the popular word-of-mouth is poor; in the study, the author found that the producer of the domestic animation film is very fuzzy to the audience of the animation film, Through a brief introduction to other subject theories, it is hoped that the studio can define the age limit of the animation film to be watched by the children, and better grasp the unique narrative way of the film and the effective narrative method from the whole. In the second chapter, by combing the concepts of domestic and animated films, the concept of domestic animated film is clearly defined, so that the boundary is well-defined when the analysis object is selected in the later stage. In this section, the development of domestic animation films and the development trend of domestic animation films have been discussed in recent years. The first domestic animated film appeared in the country in 1941. In this paper, a brief summary is made on the characteristics of the production change. The third chapter is the main part of the thesis, and analyzes the narrative elements of the domestic animation film from four aspects. The first is the narrative plot and the analysis of the content in the narrative of the film, the first to be clear is the narrative plot so as to help the next section to understand the narrative character's change in the narrative plot, this article to consider the narrative plot of the domestic animated film in recent years from the two aspects of discovery and opposition, The main plot of the domestic animated film is explored. Second, there will be a narrator in the film or in the outside of the film, and the narrator in the film narrative will often pretend to borrow the character's mouth in the film, and the figure is the action element of the event development, hoping to master the inspiration source of the film image through the analysis of the narrative characters, The narrative perspective of the film and the relationship between the characters. Then, the narrative time is classified, the narrative time of the domestic animation film is focused on, and the different effect of the distance between the different narrative time is felt. Finally, the narrative space is introduced, and the narrative space of the animation film is analyzed from three aspects of the natural phenomenon, the social background and the material product in the animation film, and the expression of the non-narrative narrative space in the film is concerned. In the fourth chapter, according to the analysis of the specific content of the narrative elements in the third chapter, the narrative structure of the domestic animated film is summarized, and the narrative structure of the domestic animated film is analyzed and analyzed from the aspects of the montage structure and the combination structure. The application of different narrative techniques in the domestic animation films is observed, and the plot combination model of the excellent domestic animation films in China is summarized, and the formula for reference for the production practice of the animation films in China is provided. In the fifth chapter, according to the state of the narrative transition of the domestic animated film, it is divided into the development period, the discovery period and the high-yield period, and the characteristics of the domestic animation films on the narrative elements and the narrative structure are summarized in accordance with the analysis methods of the narrative elements and the narrative structure in the chapters III and IV. The narrative elements and the narrative structure of the excellent animation films in the same period in the foreign countries are compared, and the problems existing in the narrative elements and the narrative structure of the domestic animation films are analyzed and the achievements of the achievements are analyzed. Chapter 6, on the basis of the contents of the above chapters, summarizes the problems existing in the narrative structure and the narrative elements of the domestic animation film, and summarizes the problems existing in the domestic animation film in combination with the analysis of the short evaluation of the audience and the feedback of the audience in the research. and then the solution is put forward. These solutions are based on the information read by the author and the methods that are summarized by the excellent animation films both at home and abroad, so that the development direction of the home-made animation film is explored and the effective scheme for improving the competitiveness of the domestic animation film is provided. To sum up, the research on the narrative elements and the narrative structure of the domestic animation film is the main content of this paper, but the purpose is to provide the reference for the public praise of the domestic animation film, especially the improvement of the international competitiveness, which is the value of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J954

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