《与狼共舞》与《我家买了动物园》的生态解读

发布时间：2019-05-08 00:45

【摘要】：奥斯卡获奖影片《与狼共舞》是一部西部题材的电影,讲述了南北战争期间,白人中尉邓巴在茫茫荒野中与动物惺惺相惜,并和苏族印第安人建立深厚情谊,最终获得新生。家庭片《我家买了动物园》根据真实故事改编。主人公本杰明·米尔经历丧妻之痛时,带领儿女修缮他们的新家——一个废弃的动物园,并在此过程中抚平伤痛,修复了彼此的关系。工业革命后,随着经济的增长、科技的进步,人们的物质生活水平不断提高。但随之而来的却是资源的枯竭、环境的恶化以及精神世界的失落。生态与精神危机的根源是人类以狭隘自我为中心,不断与他人和自然异化,加强了的分离感,使人们感受不到与其他生命存在都源自于同一整体,看不到与其他生命的联系和共性。两部影片的主人公都是在这样的背景下,通过与动物和自然环境的认同,重塑自我,从而摆脱痛苦困惑重拾快乐安宁。这一过程与深层生态学的核心观念“实现生态自我”相契合。两部影片的对比体现出无论是在荒野中顺应自然,还是通过为动物建造家园改善已被破坏的自然环境,生态自我的实现不仅帮助人类扩展了自我的概念提升生命的意义,还能使人自觉自愿地保护自然。基于奈斯“生态自我”的深层生态学理论,本文通过对《与狼共舞》和《我家买了动物园》两部电影的解析,揭示出“实现生态自我”对人和自然的重要意义。本文分为五个章节:第一章介绍了两个研究文本《与狼共舞》和《我家买了动物园》的故事梗概,具有代表性的生态文学和生态电影,生态批评的发展以及本文的理论基础和理论框架。第二章通过探讨人类中心主义,即“小我中心”,使人与人、人与自然不断异化,揭示了生态危机与精神危机产生的根源。第三章和第四章是本文的重点,运用深层生态学的理论分析两部电影。第三章具体论述了主人公与动物和自然相互依存和逐渐认同的过程。第四章阐释了生态自我的实现过程就是认同对象不断扩展、自我概念不断深化与丰富、以及所有生命潜能不断实现的过程。同时分析了生态自我的实现会促进社会自我的进一步发展。第五章是本文的结论部分。论文作者认为《与狼共舞》的主人公邓巴融入苏族人获得救赎,以及《我家买了动物园》中本杰明一家抚平伤痛迎接在动物园中的新生活,都是因为他们在与其他生命的认同中实现了生态自我。而生态自我的实现不仅有利于人类自身的健康发展,也有助于生态环境的改善。
[Abstract]:The Oscar-winning film "Dance with Wolves" is a Western film about white lieutenant Dunbar's love of animals in the vast wilderness during the Civil War, and of a deep friendship with the Sioux Indians, which culminated in a new life. The family film, my Zoo, is based on the true story. Benjamin Mir, the protagonist, led his children to repair their new home, an abandoned zoo, in the course of which they healed their wounds and restored their relationship with each other during the bereavement of their wives. After the Industrial Revolution, with the growth of economy and the progress of science and technology, people's material living standards have been continuously improved. But then came the depletion of resources, the deterioration of the environment and the loss of the spiritual world. The root of the ecological and spiritual crisis is that human beings are narrow-minded self-centered, constantly alienated from others and nature, and strengthened sense of separation, so that people do not feel that the existence of other life comes from the same whole, See no connection and commonality with other life. In this context, the protagonists of both films reshape themselves by identifying themselves with animals and natural environments, thus getting rid of pain and confusion and regaining happiness and tranquillity. This process coincides with the core concept of "realizing ecological self" in deep ecology. The contrast between the two films shows that the realization of ecological self not only helps mankind expand the concept of self to enhance the meaning of life, whether it is to adapt to nature in the wilderness, or to improve the destroyed natural environment by building homes for animals, and the realization of ecological self not only helps mankind expand the concept of self to enhance the meaning of life. It can also make people feel free to protect nature. Based on the deep ecological theory of Ness's "Ecological self", this paper reveals the significance of "realizing Ecological self" to human beings and nature by analyzing the two films "dancing with wolves" and "buying a zoo at home". This article is divided into five chapters: the first chapter introduces two research texts "Dance with Wolves" and "my Family bought a Zoo" story, representative ecological literature and ecological film, The development of ecological criticism, the theoretical basis and theoretical framework of this paper. The second chapter reveals the origin of ecological crisis and spiritual crisis by discussing the anthropocentrism, that is, "ego-centered", which dissimilates human beings, human beings and nature, and reveals the origin of ecological crisis and spiritual crisis. The third and fourth chapters are the focus of this paper, using the theory of deep ecology to analyze the two films. The third chapter discusses the process of the interdependence and gradual recognition between the protagonist and animals and nature. Chapter four explains that the realization process of ecological self is the process of expanding the object of identity, deepening and enriching the concept of self, and realizing all the potential of life. At the same time, the realization of ecological self will promote the further development of social self. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. The author believes that Dunbar, the protagonist of "Dance with the Wolf," was redeemed by the Sioux, and that Benjamin's family healed their wounds and welcomed their new life in the zoo in "my Family bought a Zoo." All because of their ecological self-identity with other life. The realization of ecological self is not only beneficial to the healthy development of human beings, but also to the improvement of ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：J905

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