杜诗用字（词）与气象呈现

发布时间：2018-03-08 22:04

本文选题：杜甫　切入点：用字　出处：《安徽师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：杜甫是中国诗歌史上一位伟大的诗人,他心怀家国、顽强坚韧,以其杰出的诗歌成就成为中国诗史上一座难以逾越的高峰,即便颠沛流离,却依然喊出“诗是吾家事”(《宗武生日》),可见诗人一生心系国家和人民,诗情充沛,勤奋创作。在诗歌创作上诗人不断追求,态度严谨,尤其重视诗歌用字,有“语不惊人死不休”(《江上值水如海势聊短述》)之誓言。本文结合杜甫所处的特殊时代环境,从气象呈现这一视角来研究杜诗用字(词)艺术。本文分三章论述,第一章从“气象”视角出发,将杜诗字(词)按实字与虚字做基本分类,论述动字(词)所呈现的飞腾灵动之美,名字(词)常用的典型的阔大类意象群,形容词对不同诗境的渲染和饱满情感的深化,以及虚词贯通脉络、勾连上下之妙用。第二章具体阐述凝炼字句对于气象的呈现,通过将炼字与炼句、炼意相结合,以联系的眼光看待这三者,从而避免“有字无篇”,追求体势的浑融。在此基础上进一步结合诗人所处的特殊时代背景,包括安史之乱后由盛转衰的十年,探究时代环境的变化对杜诗用字产生的不同影响。第三章从后世对杜诗用字继承的得失方面切入,比较中晚唐、宋代、元代、明清不同时代代表诗人对继承杜诗用字艺术所持的不同态度和具体实践中的各种创新与偏差。结语是对全篇的总结,强调诗歌炼字(词)并非纯粹的创作手法和技巧,与诗歌内容、诗人的心胸、诗歌艺术的整体把握、诗人严谨的创作态度密切相关,盛唐昌明盛大的时代与辉煌灿烂的诗歌成就与杜甫对诗歌艺术的执着追求,共同汇聚,使之精湛的诗歌艺术成为后世可供借鉴的典范。
[Abstract]:Du Fu is a great poet in the history of Chinese poetry. With his family and country in mind, he is tenacious and tenacious. With his outstanding poetic achievements, du Fu has become an insurmountable peak in the history of Chinese poetry, even though he is displaced. But he still shouted out "Poetry is my family's business" ("Zongwu Birthday"). It can be seen that the poet's heart is with the nation and people all his life, and he is full of poetry and hard work. In his poetry creation, the poet is constantly pursuing and is strict in his attitude, and attaches particular importance to the use of poetry characters. There is a vows of "not surprising death in words" ("A brief account of the value of water on the river"). This paper, in the light of du Fu's special epoch environment, studies the art of du Shi's characters (words) from the angle of meteorological presentation. This article is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, from the perspective of "meteorology", the author classifies du Shi's characters (words) according to the real characters and the empty characters, and discusses the beauty of the moving characters (words), the typical broad image groups commonly used by the names (words). The rendering of adjectives to different poetic contexts and the deepening of full emotion, as well as the linking of function words through the context, the use of linking up and down. Chapter two elaborates concretely the presentation of condensed words to the weather by combining chained words with chained sentences, Looking at these three from the angle of connection, so as to avoid "having words without articles" and pursuing the muddy fusion of body power. On this basis, we further combine the special background of the times in which the poet lived, including the ten years after the Anshi Rebellion turned from prosperity to decline. The third chapter explores the different influences of the environment of the times on the characters used in du's poems. The third chapter makes a comparison of the gains and losses of the inheritance of the characters used in du's poems in the middle and late Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties. The poets of different times in Ming and Qing dynasties held different attitudes towards inheriting the art of using the characters of du poetry and various innovations and deviations in the concrete practice. The conclusion is a summary of the whole article, emphasizing that the poetry is not pure writing techniques and techniques. It is closely related to the content of poetry, the mind of poets, the overall grasp of poetry art, the rigorous creative attitude of poets, the magnificent times and brilliant achievements of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and du Fu's persistent pursuit of poetry art. Make its exquisite poetry art as a model for future generations to draw lessons from.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.22

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