论韩少功的现代性反思

发布时间：2018-04-09 19:45

本文选题：韩少功　切入点：现代性　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代性问题是中国学界和知识界密切关注和讨论的热点,可以说是统摄当今社会的根本性命题。现代性既包括政治、经济、社会、文化层面的社会现代性,也蕴含着从文化思想层面对社会现代性进行质疑的审美现代性。自踏入文坛以来,韩少功始终紧随时代和社会的发展变化,秉承知识分子干预现实和批判历史的精神,对中国现代性问题进行思考和探索,其现代性反思主要包括政治反思、社会批判和文化反思三个方面。韩少功的现代政治意识形态反思主要是对现代性范畴中的革命、民主、民族三者的思考,他超越了对革命妖魔化的简单思维,深入到具体的历史情境去展现人性与革命的互动和纠葛,在批判历史灾难的同时肯定革命对平等和正义的理想追求。韩少功对民主问题和民族主义的理论探讨立足于建立国内、国际普遍的平等秩序,他将公平和正义视为民族国家现代性追求的重中之重。韩少功的社会批判主要针对的是中国现代化进程中产生的人性沦落、消费主义和以消费符号为标志的贫富分化现象。道德和理想是韩少功坚守的精神坐标,现代性背景下人性危机的持续恶化促使韩少功开始质疑经济发展至上的现代化模式,为现代化发展提出了“自然与文明相平衡”的新思路。韩少功理想中的现代化是实现人与人之间普遍的平等、自由和幸福,是“中国的人民的现代化”。韩少功的文化反思涉及传统与现代、现代大众文化与民间文化这两对范畴。“寻根”时期,韩少功的作品中缠绕着现代性的启蒙话语和对传统文化的情感认同;九十年代以来,韩少功对现代性的反思视角凸显,开始以包容而多元化的眼光发掘传统文化和民间文化的价值,对传统文化资源加以创造性的运用。与之同时,韩少功将批判的锋芒转移到了现代文化(尤其是大众文化)上,对现代文化的媚俗化和同质化倾向采取彻底的批判立场,推崇有灵魂、有信仰的文化。韩少功的现代性反思经历了一个从酝酿、萌动到鲜明、成熟的过程,随着现代性的负面影响日益彰显,韩少功对现代文明的批判也日益坚定和激烈,而对乡村产生了怀旧、依恋的情绪。韩少功的“还乡”是对抗异化的一次尝试,并不意味着反现代化,而是通过将传统农业文明的合理成分纳入现代性框架中,对堕入工具理性轨道的社会现代性进行纠偏和匡正。
[Abstract]:The issue of modernity is the focus of close attention and discussion in Chinese academic and intellectual circles, and can be said to be the fundamental proposition that dominates today's society.Modernity includes not only the political, economic, social and cultural aspects of social modernity, but also the aesthetic modernity of questioning the social modernity from the cultural ideological level.Since stepping into the literary world, Han Shaogong has always followed the development and changes of the times and society, followed the spirit of intellectuals' intervention in reality and criticizing the history, and has thought and explored the Chinese modernity problem. His modernity reflection mainly includes political reflection.Social criticism and cultural reflection.Han Shaogong's reflection on modern political ideology is mainly about revolution, democracy, and nationality in the category of modernity. He has gone beyond the simple thinking of demonizing revolution.Go deep into the concrete historical situation to show the interaction and entanglement between human nature and revolution, while criticizing the historical disaster, affirming the revolution's ideal pursuit of equality and justice.Han Shaogong's theoretical discussion on democracy and nationalism is based on the establishment of a universal equal order at home and abroad. He regards fairness and justice as the most important part of the pursuit of modernity in the nation-state.Han Shaogong's social criticism is mainly aimed at the decline of human nature, consumerism and the phenomenon of polarization between the rich and the poor marked by the symbol of consumption in the process of China's modernization.Morality and ideal are the spiritual coordinate that Han Shaogong adheres to. Under the background of modernity, the continuous deterioration of the crisis of human nature makes Han Shaogong begin to question the modernization mode of economic development.A new idea of "balance between nature and civilization" is put forward for the development of modernization.Han Shaogong's ideal modernization is to realize universal equality, freedom and happiness among people.Han Shaogong's cultural reflection involves two categories: tradition and modernity, modern popular culture and folk culture.In the period of "searching for roots", Han Shaogong's works are entangled with the enlightening discourse of modernity and the emotional identity of traditional culture. Since the 1990s, the perspective of Han Shaogong's reflection on modernity has been prominent.It begins to explore the value of traditional culture and folk culture with inclusive and pluralistic vision, and make creative use of traditional cultural resources.At the same time, Han Shaogong shifted the critical edge to modern culture (especially popular culture), took a thorough critical stand on the tendency of vulgarization and homogeneity of modern culture, and praised the culture with soul and faith.Han Shaogong's reflection on modernity has gone through a process from gestation, initiation to bright and mature. With the negative influence of modernity becoming more and more obvious, Han Shaogong's criticism of modern civilization has become increasingly firm and fierce, and nostalgia has emerged to the countryside.A feeling of attachment.Han Shaogong's "returning to his hometown" is an attempt to fight against alienation, which does not mean anti-modernization, but corrects and corrects the social modernity that falls into the track of instrumental rationality by bringing the reasonable elements of traditional agricultural civilization into the framework of modernity.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

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