近代小说叙事形式论研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 15:46

  本文选题：近代 + 小说理论　； 参考：《中南民族大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近代小说理论是中国叙事理论上极为关键的一环,它在中国传统小说理论与西日文艺理论的激荡中孕育生成,既继承了中国传统文论的经典思想,又吸收了西方近代小说理论的某些新特质。域外小说的译介让近代小说理论家对西方小说的叙事形式技巧有了十分直观的认识,林纾、梁启超、吴趼人等小说理论家都提出了一些区别于中国传统的小说叙事形式理论。本论文研究以《二十世纪中国小说理论资料·第一卷》为基本文献,并广泛参阅其他相关小说理论资料和论著,从而筛选出“开局突兀”、“举定一人为主”、“自叙体”、“横截面”、“明著一事焉以为之型”等小说叙事形式论术语与命题。本文借鉴西方的经典叙事学理论,主要从叙事时序、叙事视角和人称、叙事内外在结构以及人物叙写技巧四个方面对这些命题展开阐释,追溯它们内在的传统文论精神,发掘附缀其上的外来文化因子,从叙事学的角度探究这些命题对“五四”以及现代小说理论的具体影响。近代小说理论以“开局突兀”来表述西方小说理论中的“倒叙”手法,直观的揭示出了倒叙形式最明显的运用方式及叙事效果;“举定一人为主”说则从小说布局的角度阐释了西方小说限制叙事的外在表现形式,是近代小说理论在叙事视角上的重大发现;近代小说理论还从主客观的角度提出了“自叙体”与“他叙体”论,凸显出了小说叙事人称意识的觉醒;“以政论入小说”的命题强调小说中政论化因素的引用,冲击了注重情节结构完整性的传统小说观念;在吸收传统与借鉴西方的基础之上,近代小说理论家们更提出了“横截面”说和“穿插藏闪”说,分别阐释了短篇小说截取典型片段和长篇小说多元有机交叉的结构方式;此外,主观化“内面”叙事论、“镜中取影”的白描叙事论、著“型”立“式”等术语和命题提出了对小说人物塑造真实性、个性化和典型性的要求,在延续传统小说人物观的基础上又体现了向现代小说叙事理论过渡的新趋向。近代小说理论在中西文化的激荡中呈现出了区别于中国传统小说理论的近代化特色,它承担了中国传统小说理论向现代小说理论转变的历史重担,不仅为“五四”小说理论的发展奠定了基础,更昭示了中国现代小说理论的方向。
[Abstract]:Modern novel theory is a key link in Chinese narrative theory. It was born in the agitation of Chinese traditional novel theory and western Japanese literary theory, and inherited the classical thought of Chinese traditional literary theory.It also absorbs some new characteristics of western modern novel theory.In this paper, the theoretical materials of Chinese novels in the 20th century, Volume I, are taken as the basic literature, and other relevant novel theories and works are widely consulted, so as to screen out "the beginning suddenly", "holding one person as the main body", "self-describing body".The terms and propositions of narrative form in novels such as cross-section and the type of the clear story.This article draws lessons from the western classical narratology theory, mainly from the narrative time sequence, the narrative angle of view and the person, narrates inside and outside in the structure as well as the character narration skill four aspects unfolds the explanation to these propositions, traces their intrinsic traditional literary theory spirit.This paper explores the foreign cultural factors attached to it and explores the influence of these propositions on the May 4th Movement and the theory of modern novels from the perspective of narratology.The modern novel theory uses "the beginning suddenly" to express the "flashback" technique in the western novel theory, which intuitively reveals the most obvious application way and narrative effect of the flashback form;From the perspective of the layout of the novel, the theory of "holding one person as the priority" explains the external forms of the restricted narration in western novels, which is a great discovery of the modern novel theory in the perspective of narrative.The theory of modern novels also puts forward the theories of "self-narration" and "his classification" from the subjective and objective angles, which highlights the awakening of narrative personal consciousness in novels, and emphasizes the quoting of political factors in novels by the proposition of "entering political theories into novels".On the basis of absorbing tradition and drawing lessons from the West, modern novel theorists put forward the theory of "cross section" and "interspersed hiding and flashing".The terms and propositions of "type" put forward the requirements for the authenticity, personalization and typicality of the characters in the novel, and reflected the new trend of the transition to the narrative theory of modern novels on the basis of the continuation of the traditional concept of characters in the novel.The modern novel theory, which is different from the Chinese traditional novel theory in the agitation of Chinese and western cultures, bears the historical burden of the transformation from the Chinese traditional novel theory to the modern novel theory.It not only laid a foundation for the development of the May 4th novel theory, but also revealed the direction of modern Chinese novel theory.
【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I207.41
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本文编号：1731857