明刊小说插图本“图—文”互文研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 07:02

本文选题：明代小说 + 文本　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：插图在明代小说中十分普遍,可以说是无书不图,尽管其存在形式不同于文本,但它同样是小说作品的有机组成部分。插图虽然是依据文本而来,但它本身也呈现出对文本的独特理解,两者之间的互文性主要表现在以下几个方面:一、插图方式的转变与文本的互文性。最初小说插图只有局部式,此时插图虽简易粗略,但与文本联系却相当密切;随着人们对插图关注度的提高,出现了整版式,这一方式的插图制作精良,虽然单幅插图与文本互文性增强了很多,但在整体却有所疏远;此外还有绣像式,它摒弃了一切故事情节的展示,只着力去描摹人物形象,由于完全忽略了故事内容,其与文本的关系相当疏远,成为文人士子案头珍赏之物。二、从插图对文本的呈现上,分析了互文性最为密切的情况——图与文合。为了将文字转换为图像,刊刻者首先要选取合适的入画场景,从“不合适”到“合适”经历了漫长的过程,局部式的入画场景十分雷同,有的场景甚至并非此页的关键情节。绘画视角也经历了平视视角、俯视视角、平视俯视相互融合的变化,局部式和绣像式几乎都是采用平视视角作画,这样而成的插图显得相当单一,而整版式插图惯常采用俯视视角,或者混合使用。插图数量上的减少削弱了整版式插图与文本的互文性,为了弥补这一缺陷,画工常在一幅插图中容纳几个场景,于是便形成了步移景换的视角效果。三、论述了图繁于文的现象,虽然绝大部分插图与文本高度相关,但并非所有内容都是严格依文而成,有的会增加一些内容。其中,图题是对插图的补充说明,如果说插图是对文本的注解,那么图题便是对插图的注解;图案通常具有隐喻或托物言志的作用;插图的版式除了普通的长方形,还有花框式和月光式,目的是提高美观性;此外,插图的边框也富于变化,它包含着刊刻者巧妙的意图,以独特的形式对应着文本内容。四、主要分析了与文本并不相符的插图,它们的出现是因为语言和图像两种媒介的不同,此外还有人为因素的加入和读者接受的不同。从具体现象来看,产生的原因多种多样的,有的数量比较少,有的则十分普遍;有的是刊刻者有意为之,有的则是无意造成的;有的错误较小,不会影响到读者的理解,有的则出入很大,会误导读者的阅读。尽管它们跟文本不相契合,但有的出入却具有其合理性,有的则透露着当时的社会风气,有的则展现了小说的主题。
[Abstract]:Illustration is very common in the novels of Ming Dynasty, it can be said that there are no books and no plans, although its existence form is different from the text, but it is also an organic part of the novel works. Although illustrations are based on the text, it itself also presents a unique understanding of the text. The intertextuality between the two is mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, the transformation of illustrations and the intertextuality of the text. At first, the illustrations were only partial, but the illustrations were simple and rough, but they were closely related to the text. With the increasing attention to the illustrations, the whole pattern appeared, and the illustrations in this way were well made. Although the intertextuality of a single illustration and the text has increased a lot, it has been alienated from the whole. In addition, there is an embroidered style, which abandons the display of all the storylines and focuses only on portraying the characters, because it completely neglects the content of the story. Its relationship with the text is rather estranged, becoming the literati desk treasures. Second, from the illustration of the text presentation, the most closely intertextuality-graph and text. In order to convert the text into images, the publisher must first select the appropriate scene, from "inappropriate" to "appropriate" experienced a long process, local scene is very similar, some scenes are not even the key plot of this page. The visual angle of painting has also experienced the change of the angle of view, the angle of view, the angle of view, the fusion of the angle of view, the pattern of part and the type of embroidery are almost all made from the angle of view of parallel view, so the illustrations are quite single. And full-page illustrations usually use a overhead view, or mixed use. The decrease in the number of illustrations weakens the intertextuality between the whole type of illustrations and the text. In order to make up for this defect, the painters often contain several scenes in one illustration, thus forming the effect of changing the view angle by moving the scene step by step. Thirdly, this paper discusses the phenomenon of drawing complicated by text. Although most illustrations are highly related to the text, not all of them are strictly dependent on text, some of which will add some content. If the illustration is an annotation to the text, then the illustration is the annotation to the illustration; the pattern usually has the function of metaphor or token; the layout of the illustration is in addition to the ordinary rectangle. There are also flower-framed and moonlit to improve aesthetics; in addition, the frame of the illustration is also rich in variety, which contains the ingenious intention of the publisher to correspond to the text in its unique form. Fourthly, the paper mainly analyzes the illustrations which do not accord with the text. Their appearance is due to the difference between language and image, as well as the addition of artificial factors and the difference of readers' acceptance. In terms of specific phenomena, there are various causes, some of which are relatively small in number and some are quite common; some are intentionally or unintentionally created by publishers; and some are relatively small and will not affect the readers' understanding. Some are very different, will mislead the reader's reading. Although they do not agree with the text, some of the differences are reasonable, some reveal the social atmosphere at that time, and some reveal the theme of the novel.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.41

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