从乐府入律看五言诗的“古”“近”之变

发布时间：2018-08-07 07:18

【摘要】：南北朝至初唐时期的乐府逐步实现了由新体诗向律体的转变,而这一时期同样是五言诗由古体趋于近体的重要阶段。通过统计这一阶段五言乐府及五言徒诗的声病演变情况,可以发现五言诗"古""近"之变的关键之一在于齐梁以来对旧题乐府的改造以及对南北朝乐府民歌的吸纳。这一阶段的五言乐府可以归纳出四四式、二六式和二四二式三种趋近于近体律诗的篇制类型。它们既是五言乐府由古入律的途径,也是这一时期诗人探索律化规律过程中重视"复古"观念的结果。南北朝诗人通过仿效乐府体式上的"古体"色彩,借以纠正齐梁诗歌过分骈俪化的弊病,导入单行散句,最终促成了五言近体骈散结合的体调特色。五言诗的"古""近"之别正是在声律转严与句式复古的实践与互动中产生的。
[Abstract]:Yuefu from the Southern and Northern dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty gradually realized the transformation from the new style poetry to the legal style. Through statistics on the evolution of the sound sickness of the five characters Yuefu and the five character Poems in this period, it can be found that one of the keys to the change of the five character poems "ancient" and "near" lies in the transformation of the old theme Yuefu since the Qi and Liang dynasties and the absorption of the folk songs of the Yuefu in the Southern and Northern dynasties. The five-character Yuefu in this stage can be concluded as four or four, two or six, and two hundred and twenty-two genres. They are not only the way from ancient times to law in five-character Yuefu, but also the result of paying attention to the idea of "returning to the ancient times" in the course of the poets' exploration of the rule of law in this period. The poets of the Southern and Northern dynasties emulated the "ancient style" color of Yuefu style in order to correct the malady of excessive parallelization of Qi and Liang poetry, and introduced the single line scattered sentences, which finally contributed to the style characteristics of the combination of five characters. The distinction of "ancient" and "near" of five-character poetry is produced in the practice and interaction between the change of tone and the reversion of sentence pattern.
【作者单位】：北京大学中文系;
【分类号】：I207.22

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