孙犁小说白描手法研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 17:46

【摘要】：本论文把中国小说中的白描手法作为研究的对象,并以孙犁小说为例,分析和论述了白描手法的概念起源及其基本理论问题、白描在文学创作中的应用。论文由绪论,第一、二、三章及余论组成。第一章概括总结了线描绘制方法。首先,解释了线绘图的概念的起源。最初,线描是一个绘画术语,该技法只使用墨色轮廓,较少的颜色填充,起源于战国时代,在唐代和宋代之后的绘画中得到广泛应用。到元代和明代,随着中国戏曲和小说叙事的兴起,这种技法逐渐转用于作为汉语言叙事的文学创作。其次,是解释这种技法和文学创作之间的关系。经典的小说,如金瓶梅,水浒传,红楼梦等的评语有很多运用线描概念的值得分析的观点。20世纪,鲁迅是在现代小说提倡和运用线描概念的实践者,并对孙犁的文学创作产生了很大影响。第二章分析孙犁的白描手法及其功能。分为六部分。在第一部分,分析了白描如何影响他的小说人物形象,因为这种技术,故事隐藏到幕后,人物被放置在更重要的位置,然后分析了白描导致的人物类型化现象,简单化现象,当然白描可以使角色更生动,也进行了分析。第二部分,分析了白描在场景建构中的作用。孙犁的作品很简单,但可以给我们艺术感觉。从三个方面阐述:风景描述,诗的场景和对话。第三部分,分析了孙犁作品的叙事节奏,在白描手法下,其叙事节奏得到了缓解。此外,还讨论了叙事修辞。第四,白描对作品主题的影响。第五,分析了白描与现实主义之间的关系,线描方式与作者的“求实”倾向一致,是现实主义的核心。第六,分析了线描对修辞的影响。首先,为了增强表现力,作者倾向需要斟酌最恰当的词使用。其次,白描使孙犁的作品具有别样的韵味。第三章分析了孙犁注重使用白描手法的原因,并提出了“白描心理”这一理论观点。从作家个人气质、物质和精神条件匮乏、对文学的宣传作用的重视、绘画理论的启发以及吸收前人作品中的精华等五个方面,试图寻找出孙犁对白描手法特别重视的原因。在最后的余论部分,分析了孙犁的白描技术的瑕疵。首先,有些对话太简单了,没有魅力;第二,主题太过直白,没有含蓄美。通过本文,我们似乎可以得出这样一个结论,鲁迅先生是近代小说白描手法的开拓者和引领者,而孙犁则是集大成者。纵观孙犁之后,可谓均是其余续,未有能超越者。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the author takes the white drawing technique in Chinese novels as the object of study, and takes Sun Li's novels as an example to analyze and discuss the origin of the concept and the basic theoretical problems of the technique, and the application of the technique in literary creation. The thesis is composed of introduction, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three and conclusion. The first chapter summarizes the method of line drawing. First, the origin of the concept of line drawing is explained. At first, line drawing was a painting term, which used only the outline of ink and less color filling. It originated in the warring States period and was widely used in painting after the Tang and Song dynasties. By the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, with the rise of Chinese opera and novel narration, this technique was gradually transferred to the literary creation as the Han language narrative. Secondly, it explains the relationship between this technique and literary creation. Classical novels, such as Jin Ping Mei, Water margin, Dream of Red Mansions and so on, have a lot of analytical points of view using the concept of line drawing. Lu Xun is a practitioner of the concept of line drawing in modern novels. And to Sun Li's literary creation has produced the very big influence. The second chapter analyzes the white drawing technique and its function of Sun Li. It is divided into six parts. In the first part, I analyze how the white sketch affects his character image, because of this technique, the story is hidden behind the scenes, the characters are placed in a more important position, and then we analyze the typological phenomenon of the characters caused by the white drawing, the simplification phenomenon. Of course, the sketch can make the character more vivid, but also analyzed. The second part analyzes the role of white drawing in scene construction. Sun Li's work is simple, but it gives us an artistic feel. From three aspects: landscape description, poetry scene and dialogue. In the third part, the narrative rhythm of Sun Li's works is analyzed. In addition, narrative rhetoric is also discussed. Fourth, the influence of white drawing on the theme of the work. Fifthly, it analyzes the relationship between white drawing and realism. Line-drawing is the core of realism, which is consistent with the author's tendency of seeking truth. Sixth, the influence of line drawing on rhetoric is analyzed. First, in order to enhance expressiveness, the author tends to consider the most appropriate word use. Secondly, the white drawing makes Sun Li's works have a different flavor. The third chapter analyzes the reason why Sun Li pays attention to the use of white drawing, and puts forward the theory of "the psychology of white drawing". In this paper, the author tries to find out the reasons why Sun Li attaches great importance to the white drawing technique from five aspects: personal temperament, lack of material and spiritual conditions, attention to the propaganda function of literature, inspiration of painting theory and absorption of the essence of previous works. In the last part of the thesis, the defects of Sun Li's whitedrawing technology are analyzed. First, some conversations are too simple and unglamorous; second, the subject is too straightforward and unsubtle. In this paper, we seem to draw the conclusion that Mr. Lu Xun is the pioneer and leader of modern novel sketching, while Sun Li is the master. Throughout the Sun Li, it can be said that the rest of the continuation, has not been able to surpass.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

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