金代国朝文派研究

发布时间：2019-02-22 11:15

【摘要】：“国朝文派”是金代文学的核心和元代文学发展的基础。它的出现标志着金代文学以独立的姿态出现在中国文学史上。本文从元好问重申的“国朝文派”的概念入手,将金代文学还原重置于从宋金对峙至蒙古崛起的文学生态之下,以文学自身发展的规律为经,以北方少数民族政权统治下的文化特征为纬,探求“国朝文派”的形成发展规律和文学价值。第一部分,首先对“国朝文派”的概念及内涵进行了界定,其所反映的金代大民族观和文学独立意识尤其值得重视。“国朝文派”并不是一个传统意义上的文学流派的称谓,它是由金代人自觉提出的,具有存史意义的文学称谓。它是金人对于本朝文学发展规律和特征的自我总结。它以传统的诗文作品为对象,以土生土长的金朝人为主体,以儒家文统为规范,结合北方区域文化,形成了金代诗文特有风骨和神韵。简言之,“国朝文派”就是金代诗文区别于其它朝代的文学特色的统称。其次,对“国朝文派”的创作主体及其特征进行了概括和总结。“国朝文派”的创作主体是金朝土生土长,本土培养的,科举进士出身为主,具有较高文化艺术修养的高级知识分子。他们以汉族为主,也有少数其他民族的杰出作家。他们都与传统的汉文化保持着深刻的联系,其中家学渊源成为主要的途径之一。与宋朝的文人地位相比,女真政权下金朝汉族文人的政治地位明显下降,但他们却担负起了发展金代文学的重任。金末诗人元好问将其称为“国朝文派”。第二部分对“国朝文派”的发展演变进行了研究。主要以金代“国朝文派”文学观念的萌发、成熟,新变和最终确立为核心,按照时间顺序,从各个时期的文学生态、文学特征、代表作家入手,研究总结“国朝文派”发展演变的规律。第三部分主要从金代少数民族政权下的特殊文化的角度进行研究。金代是少数民族建立的政权,其特殊的文化生态对文学产生重要的影响。少数民族的文化习俗、科举制度、宗教观念等都是影响金代文学品格的重要因素。总之,“国朝文派”是金代文学的特称,是金人对文学独立性的自觉追求。通过研究“国朝文派”的形成发展过程,我们发现文学总是处于一个如何继承前代文学遗产,以及结合自身时代特色寻求文学上的突破的过程。不同时代文学品格的不同,既是时代特征赋予的,又是文人们积极探索追求的结果。“国朝文派”作为金代文学的重要组成部分,上承北宋,下启蒙元,具有重要的意义和研究价值。
[Abstract]:The style of the Guo Dynasty is the core of the literature of Jin Dynasty and the foundation of the development of literature of Yuan Dynasty. Its appearance marks the independent appearance of Jin Dynasty literature in the history of Chinese literature. This article starts with the concept of "GuoChao School", which is reiterated by Yuan Hao-wen, restores the literature of Jin Dynasty to the literary ecology from the confrontation of Song and Jin dynasties to the rise of Mongolia, and takes the law of literature's own development as its classics. Taking the cultural characteristics under the rule of the northern minority political power as the weft, this paper explores the formation and development law and literary value of the literary school of the National Dynasty. In the first part, we define the concept and connotation of "GuoChao School", which reflects the great national view and literary independence consciousness of Jin Dynasty. "the literary school of the Guo Dynasty" is not a term of the literary school in the traditional sense, it is put forward by the people of Jin Dynasty consciously, has the historical significance literature appellation. It is the Jin Dynasty literature development law and characteristics of self-summary. It takes the traditional poetry and prose works as the object, takes the native Jin Dynasty people as the main body, takes the Confucian literary system as the norm, unifies the northern region culture, has formed the Jin Dynasty poetry unique strength and the charm. In short, the style of the Guo Dynasty is the general term of the literary features of the Jin Dynasty and the other dynasties. Secondly, the author generalizes and summarizes the creative subject and characteristics of Guo-Chao School. The main body of the creation of the literary school of the National Dynasty is the senior intellectual who was born and bred locally in the Jin Dynasty, mainly from the imperial examination scholars, with higher cultural and artistic accomplishment. They are mainly Han nationality, but also have a few outstanding writers of other nationalities. They are deeply connected with the traditional Chinese culture, among which the family origin is one of the main ways. Compared with the status of the literati in the Song Dynasty, the political status of the Han literati in the Jin Dynasty was obviously decreased under the Nuzhen regime, but they took on the important task of developing the literature of the Jin Dynasty. Yuan Hao-wen, the poet of the late Jin Dynasty, called it "the style of the National Dynasty". In the second part, the author studies the development and evolution of the style of Guo Dynasty. Mainly taking the germination, maturity, new change and final establishment of the literary ideas of the "National Dynasty" in the Jin Dynasty as the core, starting from the literary ecology and characteristics of each period, according to the time order, it represents the writers. This paper studies and summarizes the law of the development and evolution of the style of the Guo Dynasty. The third part mainly carries on the research from the special culture angle under the Jin Dynasty minority regime. Jin Dynasty is a political power established by ethnic minorities, and its special cultural ecology has an important influence on literature. The cultural customs, imperial examination system and religious concepts of ethnic minorities are the important factors affecting the literary character of Jin Dynasty. In a word, the style of the Guo Dynasty is the special name of the literature of Jin Dynasty, and it is the conscious pursuit of the literary independence of the Jin people. Through the study of the formation and development of the "GuoChao Literary School", we find that literature is always in a process of how to inherit the literary heritage of the previous generation and how to seek a breakthrough in literature in combination with its own characteristics of the times. The difference of literary character in different times is not only endowed by the characteristics of the times, but also the result of the literati's active exploration and pursuit. As an important part of the literature of the Jin Dynasty, the style of the Guo Dynasty is of great significance and research value to the Northern Song Dynasty and the Lower Enlightenment Yuan Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

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