城市建筑物特征对绿带降温效果的阻隔作用研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 00:13

本文关键词：城市建筑物特征对绿带降温效果的阻隔作用研究　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市化和工业化的发展,城市热岛效应日益严重。城市热岛效应受城市景观类型(下垫面)及其格局的影响。景观空间要素分为斑块、廊道和基质,廊道是景观唯一的线型要素,绿带是城市绿地系统中颇具特色的廊道。目前有关绿带降温效应及周边建筑物阻隔作用的研究在国际上非常少。为揭示绿带的降温效果,分析建筑物对绿带降温效果的阻隔作用,本文以北京市为例,利用Landsat-8影像和资源三号遥感数据为主数据源,对北京市五环内进行地表温度反演以及绿地信息提取。选择北京市五环内的典型绿带进行缓冲区分析,通过实地调研典型绿带和建筑物中间的网格点的地表温度和气温,通过spss等软件进行统计分析,得到温度和建筑物景观特征的拟合关系式,并建立起阻隔作用模型。主要成果如下:(1)将Landsat-8遥感影像,用单通道算法来进行地表温度的反演,得到北京市五环内的地表温度分布图。基于资源三号卫星高清遥感影像,来提取北京市五环内的典型绿带,并提取绿带的宽度信息。通过ArcGIS软件将绿带信息以及温度数据叠加,并进行左侧缓冲区分析,得到研究区绿带宽度与温度的关系。得到如下结论,随着绿带宽度的增加,其绿带降温范围越广,而降温幅度则呈现先升高再降低的趋势,在36m~50 m处达到最高。结合实际调研各条绿带周边建筑物特征的分布情况,选取分布在西二环宽度为36m的绿带以及周围的两条绿带作为研究对象。在绿带旁边选取有限的几个建筑物来进行实地调研。(2)实地测量建筑物前后的气温、地表温度,结合建筑物景观特征数据(高度、宽度),通过SPSS软件,将位置相邻,其他条件完全一致的大厦以及没有建筑物的对照组进行单因素方差分析和LSD两两分析,以及多元回归分析,分析各因素之间的关系并建立起建筑物景观特征对绿带降温效果的阻隔作用模型。得到结论:建筑物高度对地表温度、气温的降低均有明显的阻隔作用,而气温、距绿带距离、建筑物高度之间的多项式:Z=30.567-0.035X+0.089Y;建筑物宽度对地表温度、气温的降低均有明显的阻隔作用,而气温、距绿带距离、建筑物高度之间的多项式:Z=30.515-0.03X+0.059Y。
[Abstract]:With the development of city modernization and industrialization, urban heat island effect has become more and more serious. Urban heat island effect city landscape types (surface) and pattern of landscape elements. As patch, corridor and matrix, corridor is the only factor of landscape type, green corridor is a characteristic city green land system. At present the related research the cooling effect of the surrounding buildings and green barrier effect is very few in the world. For the cooling effect of the green barrier effect reveals, the cooling effect analysis of buildings on the greenbelt, taking Beijing city as an example, using Landsat-8 images and remote sensing data resources of No. three main data source, in the city of Beijing within the fifth ring surface temperature inversion and green space information extraction. Typical greenbelt of Beijing within the fifth ring buffer analysis, through the surface and middle temperature field research of typical greenbelt and building the grid points The temperature, through statistical analysis software such as SPSS, relation between temperature and building landscape features, and establish a barrier function model. The main results are as follows: (1) the Landsat-8 remote sensing image, using single channel algorithm for retrieving land surface temperature, land surface temperature distribution map of Beijing within the fifth ring. Three satellite remote sensing image based on HD, to extract the typical greenbelt in Beijing within the fifth ring, and the width of the green belt. The information extraction by ArcGIS software and greenbelt temperature data overlay, and analyzed the left buffer, to study on the relationship between the area of greenbelt width and temperature. The conclusions are obtained as follows, with the increase of the width of the green belt. Green cooling range more widely, and the cooling rate is increased firstly and then decreased, reached the highest in 36m~50 m. The distribution characteristics of the green belt with the actual research surrounding buildings, Select the distribution in the West Second Ring Road width of two 36m belts and green belts around as the research object. Using several buildings limited to field research in the green side. (2) measured before and after building the temperature, surface temperature, combined with the building landscape feature data (height, width), by SPSS software, the position of the adjacent other conditions, exactly the same building as well as the control group without buildings were analyzed with single factor analysis of variance and LSD 22 analysis, and multiple regression analysis, the relationship between the factors and the establishment of building landscape barrier model features cooling effect on greenbelt. Conclusion: the height of the building on the surface temperature, the temperature reducing barrier effect obviously, the air temperature, away from the green belt distance between the polynomial building height: Z=30.567-0.035X+0.089Y; the surface temperature of the width of the building, the temperature drop There is an obvious barrier effect, and the temperature, distance from the green belt, the polynomial between the height of the building: Z=30.515-0.03X+0.059Y.

【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P461

【相似文献】