建筑空间要素对塔式回音建筑回音现象的影响及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 05:59

本文选题：回音建筑 + 声学模拟技术　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：回音建筑是我国古人智慧和建筑技术的结晶,是具有历史文化价值的古建筑。回音建筑中的塔式回音建筑往往出现在宗教寺院建筑中,其塔周边空间中产生的类似“蛙鸣”、“鸟叫”般的回音现象,成为该类建筑的一个重要景观文化特点。也成为当今旅游休闲产业的一个重要“卖点”。然而,目前针对该类建筑的回音原理研究已较为成熟,但针对影响回音的建筑、空间要素研究十分欠缺,从而在保护过程中缺乏相应的保护指导,导致了河南宝轮寺塔及山西普救寺塔等著名塔式回音建筑回音现象的削弱,使得“蛙鸣”般有趣的生态文化声景在塔式回音建筑空间环境中逐步丧失。因此,本研究在总结塔式回音建筑平立面和构造形式要素、围合空间的环境要素的同时,利用计算机声场模拟技术对建筑、空间影响要素进行分析,提出了保护塔式回音建筑的建筑、空间要点,进一步探索了我国目前已有的密檐塔式建筑,分析了它们可能形成“蛙鸣”声景回音的建筑空间条件,为更好地开发利用这类建筑,提出了理论依据。研究通过分析形成回音现象的主要建筑要素与庭院空间要素,主要方法是对我国现存的回音建筑进行实地调研,包括实地调研录音,场地以及建筑尺寸测量,分析总结回音建筑建筑形式和所处场所空间形态。并通过调研了解回音建筑实际存在的问题。在此基础上,运用实验模拟手段分析形成回音现象的主要建筑要素和空间形态要素。在建筑影响要素中详细分析了建筑平面形式、密檐构造、塔身收分卷杀、建筑材料等对回音形成规律的内在影响。在空间要素的分析过程中,将空间要素在引入声场空间的基础上细分为空间距离位置、庭院空间隔断、场地地势高差形态三个方面。对建筑要素的影响分析研究可以发现,密檐的内凹式曲线以及塔身的整体外剖物线式收分卷杀是回音建筑形成蛙鸣回音的关键所在。而空间影响研究中,轴线关系、景观布局、建筑物设置都会影响回音听闻效果。通过研究,将回音空间概念化,并引入整体保护更新策略当中,使回音空间成为整体空间改造规划当中一个重要的部分。通过模拟方法确定回音区域范围,通过轴线关系重点突出回音空间,通过路径节点规划使回音空间成为整体参观路线上一个重要的参与部分,以期能够完善相应的塔式寺院空间环境保护更新理论的研究,对具有“蛙鸣”回音声景的密檐式塔保护更新实践具有一定的指导性作用。
[Abstract]:Echo architecture is the crystallization of ancient wisdom and architectural technology, and is an ancient building with historical and cultural value.The tower echo architecture in echo architecture often appears in the religious temple building. The echo phenomenon like "frog singing" and "bird call" produced in the surrounding space of the tower has become an important landscape culture characteristic of this kind of architecture.It has also become an important selling point of tourism and leisure industry.However, at present, the research on echo principle of this kind of buildings has been more mature, but for the buildings that affect echo, the research on spatial elements is very lacking, so there is no corresponding protection guidance in the process of protection.As a result, the echo phenomenon of famous tower echo architecture such as Baolun Temple Tower in Henan Province and Pujiusi Tower in Shanxi Province has been weakened, and the interesting ecological cultural sound scene of "frog singing" has been gradually lost in the space environment of tower echo building.Therefore, while summarizing the facade and structural elements of the tower echo building and the environmental elements of the enclosed space, the computer sound field simulation technology is used to analyze the influence elements of the building and the space.This paper puts forward the main points of building and space for protecting tower echo architecture, further explores the existing dense eaves tower buildings in our country, and analyzes on the architectural space conditions under which they may form the echo of "frog singing" sound scene.In order to better develop and utilize this kind of building, the theoretical basis is put forward.Through the analysis of the main architectural elements and courtyard space elements, the main method is to carry out field investigation on the existing echo buildings in China, including field investigation recording, site and building size measurement.Analyze and summarize the architectural form of echo architecture and the space form of the place in which it is located.And through investigation and research to understand the actual problems of echo architecture.On this basis, the main architectural elements and spatial form elements forming echo phenomenon are analyzed by means of experimental simulation.Among the factors of architectural influence, this paper analyzes in detail the internal influence of building plane form, dense eaves structure, tower body collection and culling, and building materials on the law of echo formation.In the process of analysis of spatial elements, the spatial elements are subdivided into three aspects: spatial distance position, courtyard space partition, and ground height difference form on the basis of introducing sound field space.By analyzing the influence of architectural elements, it is found that the inner-concave curve of the dense eaves and the integral and outer profile of the tower are the key to the formation of frog echo in the echo building.In spatial impact study, axis relation, landscape layout and building setting all affect the effect of echoing.Through the research, the echo space is conceptualized and introduced into the overall protection and renewal strategy, which makes the echo space become an important part of the overall space reconstruction planning.Through the simulation method to determine the range of echo area, focus on the echo space through the axis relationship, and make the echo space become an important part of the overall tour route through the path node planning.The aim is to perfect the theory of space environment protection and renewal of tower monasteries, and to provide some guidance for the practice of protecting and renewing dense eaves tower with the sound scene of "frog singing".
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU112.2

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