太子河流域土地利用对地表地下水水质的影响研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 21:31
【摘要】：本文以太子河流域作为研究区,利用GIS空间分析与统计方法,从地表水、地下水两个层面来研究土地利用类型与景观格局变化对水质的影响。土地利用变化包括类型结构变化与景观格局变化两个方面。利用Spearman相关分析与冗余分析(RDA)定性判别土地利用类型和景观格局变化对地表水与地下水的影响效应,利用偏最小二乘法模型定量判断土地利用类型变化对水质参数的影响程度。研究结论可以为改善区域水质,合理规划土地结构,调整景观格局,提供有效的依据。通过研究分析,得到以下几个结果：(1)整体看来,上游和中游水质较好,上游受土地利用类型影响不明显,中游主要以林地为主,水体中TOC较高；下游是水田、居民用地、工矿建设用地的主要集中地,受人类活动影响较大,水质相对较差,化参数NO2-、NO3-、SO42和TDS等均偏高。(2)从Spearman相关分析和冗余分析(RDA)结果看,NO2-、K+、HCO3-、T、 ORP、DO、Cl-、EC、NO3-、Br-、Ca2+以及Mg2+-是受土地利用类型变化影响较大的几个水化学指标。居民用地、河渠、旱地、建设用地和草地是10种土地利用类型中对流域水质影响较为明显的几类。其中,NO2-是受土地利用变化影响最为显著的指标,与居民用地、河渠、旱地之间表现为明显正相关(R20.6,P0.5),其中,居民用地影响最为明显(R20.8,P0.05)。K+、Cl的浓度变化则主要反映居民用地和建设用地的规模,当居民用地和建设用地面积比越大时,流域中K+和Cl-的浓度就越高。草地面积比与绝大多数水质参数呈现负相关,尤其是HC03-,其浓度大小与草地面积表现为负相关显著(R2-0.5)。EC、NO3-、Br-、Ca2+和Mg2+均受滩地影响,且表现为正相关。(3)对水质影响最明显的景观格局指数为聚集度(AI)、边缘密度(ED)、斑块密度(PD)以及形状指数(SHAPE_MNDE)、香浓多样性指数(SHDI)、最大斑块面积比(LPI)和蔓延度指数(CONTAG)。其中,聚集度(AI)与ORP表现为正相关,与TOC显著负相关,边界密度ED与两个参数的相关性刚好相反；香浓多样性指数SHDI和蔓延度指数CONTAG主要影响水质参数NO2-、K+-和DO,香浓多样性指数SHDI与NO2-、K+-呈显著正相关与DO呈显著负相关,蔓延度指数CONTAG则恰好相反；斑块密度PD和形状指数SHAPE_MN主要影响C1-和ORP,斑块密度PD与C1-显著正相关与ORP表现为负相关,形状指数SHAPE_MN则刚好相反。(3)使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)构建了土地利用和地表水质的多元一次线性模型结果表明,使用PLS模型能够有效的预测地表水中水质参数。水质参数受土地利用影响较显著的为DO、K+、NO2-、NO3-、ORP和TDS。其中,工矿建设用地和水田对太子河流域地表水中的N03-浓度影响显著,草地和水体N03-含量呈明显负相关。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of land use types and landscape pattern changes on water quality were studied from surface water and groundwater by GIS spatial analysis and statistical method. Land use change includes two aspects: type structure change and landscape pattern change. Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to determine qualitatively the effect of land use type and landscape pattern change on surface water and groundwater, and partial least square model was used to quantitatively judge the influence degree of land use type change on water quality parameters. The conclusions can provide an effective basis for improving regional water quality, rationally planning land structure and adjusting landscape pattern. The results are as follows: (1) as a whole, the upstream and middle reaches have better water quality, the upper reaches are not affected by the land use type obviously, the middle reaches are mainly forestland, the TOC in the water body is higher, the downstream is paddy field, the inhabitant land, The main concentration areas of industrial and mining construction land are greatly affected by human activities, and the water quality is relatively poor. The chemical parameters NO2-,NO3-,SO42 and TDS were higher. (2) based on the (RDA) results of Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis, it was found that no _ 2-K _ (HCO _ 3-T), ORP,DO,Cl-,EC,NO3-,Br-,Ca2 and Mg2 _ (-) were several hydrochemical indexes which were greatly affected by the change of land use types. Residential land, river canal, dry land, construction land and grassland are some of the 10 types of land use which have obvious influence on water quality of river basin. Among them, no _ 2- is the most significant index affected by land use change, and it is positively correlated with residential land, river canal and dry land (R20.6p _ (0.5). The concentration change of K + Cl mainly reflects the scale of residential land and construction land. The higher the area ratio of residential land to construction land, the higher the concentration of K and Cl- in the watershed. The grassland area ratio was negatively correlated with most of the water quality parameters, especially the concentration of HC03-, was negatively correlated with the grassland area (R2-0.5). The Ca ~ (2 +) and Mg2 of the grassland area were affected by the beach land. And (3) the landscape pattern index which has the most obvious influence on water quality is aggregation degree (AI), edge density (ED), patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MNDE). The maximum patch area of (SHDI), is bigger than (LPI) and the spread index (CONTAG). Among them, the aggregation degree (AI) was positively correlated with ORP and negatively correlated with TOC, and the correlation between boundary density (ED) and two parameters was just opposite. SHDI and CONTAG mainly affect water quality parameters NO2-,K-and DO, flavor diversity index SHDI and NO2-,K-have a significant negative correlation with DO, and the spread index CONTAG is just the opposite. Patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MN) mainly affected C1- and ORP, plaque density PD and C1- significantly correlated negatively with ORP. The shape index SHAPE_MN is just the opposite. (3) the linear multivariate model of land use and surface water quality is constructed by using partial least square method (PLS). The results show that the PLS model can effectively predict the water quality parameters in surface water. The water quality parameters affected by land use were DO,K no _ 2-no _ 3-O _ 3-orp and TDS.. The effects of industrial and mining construction land and paddy field on N03- concentration in surface water of Taizi River Basin were significant, while the N03- content in grassland and water was negatively correlated.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52;P901
本文编号：2231758
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of land use types and landscape pattern changes on water quality were studied from surface water and groundwater by GIS spatial analysis and statistical method. Land use change includes two aspects: type structure change and landscape pattern change. Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to determine qualitatively the effect of land use type and landscape pattern change on surface water and groundwater, and partial least square model was used to quantitatively judge the influence degree of land use type change on water quality parameters. The conclusions can provide an effective basis for improving regional water quality, rationally planning land structure and adjusting landscape pattern. The results are as follows: (1) as a whole, the upstream and middle reaches have better water quality, the upper reaches are not affected by the land use type obviously, the middle reaches are mainly forestland, the TOC in the water body is higher, the downstream is paddy field, the inhabitant land, The main concentration areas of industrial and mining construction land are greatly affected by human activities, and the water quality is relatively poor. The chemical parameters NO2-,NO3-,SO42 and TDS were higher. (2) based on the (RDA) results of Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis, it was found that no _ 2-K _ (HCO _ 3-T), ORP,DO,Cl-,EC,NO3-,Br-,Ca2 and Mg2 _ (-) were several hydrochemical indexes which were greatly affected by the change of land use types. Residential land, river canal, dry land, construction land and grassland are some of the 10 types of land use which have obvious influence on water quality of river basin. Among them, no _ 2- is the most significant index affected by land use change, and it is positively correlated with residential land, river canal and dry land (R20.6p _ (0.5). The concentration change of K + Cl mainly reflects the scale of residential land and construction land. The higher the area ratio of residential land to construction land, the higher the concentration of K and Cl- in the watershed. The grassland area ratio was negatively correlated with most of the water quality parameters, especially the concentration of HC03-, was negatively correlated with the grassland area (R2-0.5). The Ca ~ (2 +) and Mg2 of the grassland area were affected by the beach land. And (3) the landscape pattern index which has the most obvious influence on water quality is aggregation degree (AI), edge density (ED), patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MNDE). The maximum patch area of (SHDI), is bigger than (LPI) and the spread index (CONTAG). Among them, the aggregation degree (AI) was positively correlated with ORP and negatively correlated with TOC, and the correlation between boundary density (ED) and two parameters was just opposite. SHDI and CONTAG mainly affect water quality parameters NO2-,K-and DO, flavor diversity index SHDI and NO2-,K-have a significant negative correlation with DO, and the spread index CONTAG is just the opposite. Patch density (PD) and shape index (SHAPE_MN) mainly affected C1- and ORP, plaque density PD and C1- significantly correlated negatively with ORP. The shape index SHAPE_MN is just the opposite. (3) the linear multivariate model of land use and surface water quality is constructed by using partial least square method (PLS). The results show that the PLS model can effectively predict the water quality parameters in surface water. The water quality parameters affected by land use were DO,K no _ 2-no _ 3-O _ 3-orp and TDS.. The effects of industrial and mining construction land and paddy field on N03- concentration in surface water of Taizi River Basin were significant, while the N03- content in grassland and water was negatively correlated.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52;P901
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 刘方;罗海波;刘元生;刘鸿雁;何腾兵;龙健;;喀斯特石漠化区农业土地利用对浅层地下水质量的影响[J];中国农业科学;2007年06期
，本文编号：2231758
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