云南白族甲马的艺术形式研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 04:07

本文选题：甲马　切入点：民间美术　出处：《北京印刷学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近几年,白族甲马受到国内外人士的关注。从民俗角度来看,甲马是老百姓日常宗教活动的日用之物,但是从艺术角度来看,又是一幅幅的木刻作品。鲁迅先生在《近代木刻选集(一)小引》中提出是中国人发明了木刻,而在十四世纪初,“大约是印着极粗的纸牌传入欧洲后,被欧洲人发展成为了让中国人望尘莫及的艺术品”。1930年代中国人又将欧洲的木刻作为新颖时尚的艺术创作引进回国,木刻的诞生地却一直只流行着千年不变的复制木刻。关于创作木刻和复制木刻的区别,鲁迅先生说过:“不模仿不复制,作者捏刀向木,直刻下去。复制木刻则意在精细,临刻之际,由一张图画作为底子,既有底子,便是以刀拟笔,是依样而非创作”。鲁迅先生的这些话一直影响着中国当代版画的发展。现当代艺术家们推崇艺术的返璞归真时,中国古老的甲马何尝不是最原始、最单纯、最有灵性的作品。在民间艺术的长河里,云南作为中国最多少数民族聚居省会,有着源远流长、形态各异的少数民族文化,期间在受中原地区汉文化的影响,流传在民间,被民间所接受。融会贯通,结合民族自己的本土文化,信仰崇拜,有些中原文化得以再被创造后继续服务和传承。其中甲马纸就是特别具有代表性的一种。甲马的传入,影响了云南地区各个民族的文化发展,包括白族、纳西族、彝族、藏族等。每个民族都有自己源远流长的民间文化与宗教文化,甲马的实用性、大众性、作为神话与现实之间的媒介角色,为各少数民族所吸收,再生成不同的甲马文化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the Bai Jia Ma has attracted the attention of people at home and abroad. From the perspective of folklore, Jia Ma is a daily use of ordinary people's daily religious activities, but from an artistic point of view, In his selected works of Modern Wood carving (1), Mr. Lu Xun proposed that the Chinese invented the woodcut. In early 14th century, "it was about the introduction of very thick cards into Europe," he said. Developed by Europeans into works of art beyond the reach of the Chinese. "in the 1930s, the Chinese introduced the woodcut of Europe as a novel and fashionable artistic creation back to China. The birthplace of wood carvings, however, has only been popular for thousands of years of immutable reproduction of wood carvings. As for the difference between creating wood carvings and copying wood carvings, Mr. Lu Xun once said: "if you do not imitate and copy wood, the author will knead a knife to the wood and carve it straight. The copying of wood carvings is intended to be fine." On the eve of the moment, there is a picture as the foundation, which is based on a knife instead of a pen. "these words of Mr. Lu Xun have always affected the development of Chinese contemporary prints. When modern and contemporary artists worshipped art back to nature, China's ancient Jia Ma is not the most primitive, simple, and spiritual work. In the long river of folk art, Yunnan, as the capital of China's largest minority population, has a long history of minority cultures of various shapes. During the period, influenced by the Han culture in the Central Plains, it spread among the people and was accepted by the folk. Some of the Central Plains cultures have been created to continue to serve and pass on. Among them, Jia Ma Paper is a particularly representative one. The introduction of Jia Ma has affected the cultural development of various ethnic groups in Yunnan, including the Bai, Naxi and Yi peoples. Each ethnic group has its own folk and religious culture with a long history, and its practicability, popularity, as a media role between myth and reality, are absorbed by various ethnic minorities and produce different Jia and Ma cultures.
【学位授予单位】：北京印刷学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J217

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