《赤壁图》经典图式的形成与衰落

发布时间：2018-04-03 13:28

本文选题：《赤壁图》　切入点：经典图式　出处：《中央美术学院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过对历代《赤壁图》的图像模式进行系统梳理，结合图像分析与文献考证，研究《赤壁图》经典图式从形成到衰落的发展过程，并进而对中国古代绘画的创作特点加以讨论。《赤壁图》的创作源于对苏轼的追慕和怀念，画面表现的场景来自于苏轼创作的一系列有关赤壁的文学作品，属于“诗意画”的范畴。早期《赤壁图》在表现手法上逐渐从多场景逐段描绘向单一场景概括式描绘转变，同时逐渐脱离对于文本的依附，，成为了独立的绘画题材，但并未形成某种固定的图像程式。浙派画家是《赤壁图》在明代早期的主要创作力量，通过图像分析可以发现，吴门画家正是运用与浙派画家相似的创作思维，通过挪用和拼贴的方式，将浙派作品的构图特点与图像元素加以改造，并结合吴门画派自身的笔墨风格，创造出了对后世影响深远的《赤壁图》经典图式。而通过对文献的细致分析，也可以佐证我们的这种推测。随着《赤壁图》的流行，经典图式被不断加以简化，但过度简化使经典图式逐渐失去了与这一题材的明确对应关系。而吴门画派风格与叙事性绘画在清初的整体衰落，以及赤壁图像大量充斥于工艺美术作品和版画之中所造成的审美疲劳，也使清代画家对《赤壁图》的创作热情大为减退。最终在这两方面因素的共同作用之下，吴门画派创造的这一图式失去了其经典地位，而被作为图像资源重新挪用于其他题材之中。《赤壁图》经典图式从形成到衰落的发展过程具有一定的普遍性和代表性，通过对这一问题的研究，也使我们对于中国古代绘画的独特创作方式有了更加深入的了解。
[Abstract]:This paper systematically combs the image patterns of the past dynasties, combining image analysis and literature research, studies the development process of the classical schemata from formation to decline.And then discusses the characteristics of ancient Chinese painting creation.The creation of Chibi Picture originates from his yearning for Su Shi. The scene of the picture is from a series of literary works about Chibi created by Su Shi, which belongs to the category of "poetic painting".In the early period of "Red Cliff Diagram", it gradually changed from multi-scene description to single-scene generalized description, at the same time, it gradually separated from the dependence on the text and became an independent painting subject matter, but did not form a certain fixed image program.Zhejiang School painters were the main creative force in the early Ming Dynasty. Through image analysis, it was found that Wu Men painters were using creative thinking similar to those of Zhejiang painters, through misappropriation and collage.The composition characteristics and image elements of Zhejiang School's works are reformed and combined with the style of strokes and ink of Wumen School to create a classical schema which has far-reaching influence on later generations.And through the detailed analysis of the literature, we can also corroborate this speculation.With the popularity of "Red Cliff Diagram", the classical schema has been simplified continuously, but the oversimplification has gradually lost the explicit correspondence with the subject matter.The overall decline of Wu Men painting style and narrative painting in the early Qing Dynasty, and the aesthetic fatigue caused by the red wall images flooding in arts and crafts works and printmaking, also greatly reduced the enthusiasm of the Qing Dynasty painters for the creation of Chibi Pictures.Finally, under the joint action of these two factors, the schema created by Wu Men School lost its classical status and was diverted to other subjects as image resources.The classical schemata from formation to decline have a certain universality and representativeness. Through the study of this problem, we also have a deeper understanding of the unique creative ways of ancient Chinese painting.
【学位授予单位】：中央美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J212

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