宋代文人画的审美功能研究

发布时间：2018-07-11 10:35

本文选题：宋代文人画 + 审美功能　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国绘画艺术发展到宋代,达到中国绘画史上的另一个高峰。统治者对绘画的青睐,文人士大夫的参与,促进了宋代文人画的繁荣和发展。宋代文人学士之所以把高度的热情和巨大的精力倾注于绘画,是因为绘画在他们的现实生活和精神世界中具有不可替代的审美价值。在宋代,绘画作为朝廷考试选拔的重要内容和一项重要的文化事业得到文人们的空前重视。绘画成为宋代文人们展现自我才能,实现自我价值和人生理想的重要途径。宋代强调言志抒情,因此,绘画也是文士们发泄内心不平和愤懑的重要方式。文人们通过创作中笔墨的尽情挥洒,达到对内心世界的疏导、情感淤积的抒发和心灵缺失的补偿。宋代文人“以墨为戏”。“戏”的第一层含义是画家在绘画过程中超越因果、利害、世俗、生死等的干扰,无拘无束地借笔墨纸砚来自由挥洒自己的情趣;二是文人画多是兴起之作,随意创作;文人的戏墨之作多异于传统,能冲破传统绘画规则的束缚。三是创作题材广泛,任何事物都可入画。宋代文人在绘画中品味清雅之趣,在绘画创作的笔墨游戏中获得的高级的精神享受。宋代文人喜欢画山水自然,在山水自然中领悟宇宙之大生命,体验宇宙大生命的节奏性、多样性、深远无限性,提升扩充自己的精神世界。宋代文人还在所有审美对象中折射自己的生命体验。他们喜欢以梅兰竹菊等物象为审美对象,以此来表征自己的君子人格和道德境界,从而获得对个体生命意义和价值的领悟。宋代文人在绘画中欣赏和体验精神的自由和超凡脱俗。他们在精神上远离尘世,乐于到自然山水中悟道修身,所以文人画最推崇逸格,其意象余味深长,风格淡雅清疏,展现出清旷荒寒的境界。通过绘画中对逸格、韵味的追求实现在精神上对世俗生活的超越。宋代文人坐石邻水,与竹同游,他们在与大自然的“神遇”中获得精神的自由和超越。宋代文人喜欢画元气淋漓的景色,追求高远、深远和平远的山水构图,以此体会和领悟玄远微妙的道,实现与道合一的精神理想。
[Abstract]:Chinese painting art developed to the Song Dynasty, reaching another peak in the history of Chinese painting. The ruler's favor to painting and the participation of literati and officials promoted the prosperity and development of literati painting in Song Dynasty. The reason why the literati of Song Dynasty devoted their high enthusiasm and great energy to painting is that painting has irreplaceable aesthetic value in their real life and spiritual world. In the Song Dynasty, painting as an important part of the imperial examination selection and an important cultural cause has been attached great importance to by literati. Painting became an important way for literati in Song Dynasty to show their talents and realize their own value and ideal of life. Song Dynasty emphasized the expression of emotion, therefore, painting is also an important way for scholars to vent their feelings of discord and resentment. The literati reach the compensation for the inner world, the emotional siltation and the lack of the soul by wielding the pen and ink. The literati in the Song Dynasty took Mo as a play. The first meaning of "Drama" is that the painter transcends the interference of cause and effect, interest, worldly, life and death in the process of painting, and freely spreads his own interest by using pen and ink stone freely; second, the literati painting is mostly a rising work, which creates freely; The literati's works are different from the tradition and can break through the shackles of the traditional painting rules. Third, the creation of a wide range of subjects, anything can be painted. In the Song Dynasty, literati taste elegant interest in painting, and enjoy the high spirit in the painting creation of pen and ink games. The scholars of Song Dynasty like to draw landscape nature, comprehend the universe's great life in the landscape nature, experience the rhythm, diversity, far-reaching infinity of the universe's great life, and enhance their spiritual world. The literati of Song Dynasty also reflected their life experience in all aesthetic objects. They like to take the objects such as Meilan, bamboo and chrysanthemum as aesthetic objects to express their personal personality and moral realm, thus to gain an understanding of the meaning and value of individual life. The literati in Song Dynasty enjoyed and experienced the freedom and transcendence of spirit in painting. They are far away from the earthly world in spirit, willing to understand the nature of the landscape, self-cultivation, so the literati painting most highly of ease, its image aftertaste is long, elegant style, showing the state of clear and cold. Through painting the pursuit of ease, charm to achieve spiritual transcendence of secular life. In the Song Dynasty, the literati sat in the nearby water and swam with the bamboo. They got the spiritual freedom and transcendence in the encounter with nature. The literati of the Song Dynasty like to paint the magnificent scenery and pursue the composition of mountains and rivers with high distance and profound peace and distance, so as to realize and comprehend the subtle Tao of Xuanyuan and realize the spiritual ideal of integration of Tao and Tao.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J212

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