叔本华的崇高理论:近代崇高与后现代崇高的过渡——以其“回忆”概念为例

发布时间：2018-06-01 19:08

本文选题：叔本华哲学 + 崇高感　；参考：《文艺理论研究》2009年04期

【摘要】：叔本华崇高理论中的"回忆"保证了崇高感的自主性和内在性,从而迥异于以康德为代表的近代崇高理论。它克服了崇高感中的三种遗忘:首先,使得审美中的主体不至遗忘作为个体存在的意志现象(意欲),从而避免了崇高感演变为优美感;其次,使得主体不遗忘以总体形式存在的意志本体,并以此使意欲间接作用于审美主体,而使崇高不至沦为媚美;再次,回忆使崇高感不至遗失自身的情感身份,避免其为理性和道德所收编。回忆呈现为一种对意志个体(主体)和总体(客体)的持续对照过程,保证了崇高感中痛苦和愉悦混杂交融的张力,也使崇高感处于不断的歧异和生发之中,从而避开了总体性的整合,保证了感觉的持存和个体的在场。由回忆而来的歧异和在场感,使崇高感部分地从近代崇高的道德依附和认识论桎梏中得到解脱。通过尼采等人的过渡,这种特性在以利奥塔为代表的后现代崇高中得到了继承和发展。
[Abstract]:The memory of Schopenhauer's sublime theory guarantees the autonomy and internality of sublime feeling, which is different from the modern sublime theory represented by Kant. It overcomes three kinds of oblivion in the sublime sense: first, it makes the subject in the aesthetic not forget the will phenomenon which exists as an individual (intention), thus avoids the sublime feeling to evolve into the graceful feeling; secondly, So that the subject does not forget the Noumenon of will that exists in the overall form, and thus makes the intention indirectly act on the aesthetic subject, and makes the sublime not degenerate into the beauty of the United States; thirdly, the recollection does not make the sense of sublime lose its emotional identity. Avoid being codified by reason and morality. Recollection presents itself as a process of continuous contrast between the individual (subject) and the total (object) of the will, which ensures the tension of the mixture of pain and pleasure in the sublime sense, and makes the sublime sense in constant divergence and growth. Thus avoiding the integration of the totality, ensuring the persistence of the feeling and the presence of the individual. The differences and the sense of presence come from recollection, which partly extricate the sense of sublime from the shackles of modern noble morality and epistemology. Through the transition of Nietzsche and others, this characteristic has been inherited and developed in the post-modern sublime represented by Liotta.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学中文系;
【分类号】：B516.41;B83-09

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