畲歌演唱的特色探索

发布时间：2018-02-03 08:42

本文关键词： 畲歌演唱假声创新　出处：《中央民族大学》2004年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 畲族是一个有自己的语言，没有本民族的文字的民族。他们传递本民族的思想、感情靠的是‘歌言’，也就是我们所说的民歌。畲族的文化特色主要体现在民歌上，民歌恰恰就是一个非常好的载体。文化的传递方式是口传心授，畲民在彼此间的交流大部分以歌的形式来表达，它集中而生动地反映了畲族的历史、政治、经济、生产、生活和乡土风情，是我们中华民族文化宝库中的珍贵遗产之一。畲族人民在长期的听觉和演唱实践中，形成了古老畲歌演唱的特色。因此，我认为探索畲歌演唱的特色的价值，一方面是在民族音乐学上，因为艺术来源于生活，它能如实地展示畲族人民的历史、心理素质、民间风俗、地理环境。另一方面是和民族整个的文化背景分不开，对畲歌的探索，有着声乐上的价值，以丰富中华民族的歌坛艺术。本文先从史学的角度宏观地鸟瞰畲歌的演进，提出了畲族音乐的起源，然后从两方面进行分析。一是自然，对畲族所处的环境来说，畲族崇尚鸟类对自然界中鸟鸣的模仿是发声的起源；二是社会，一个民族它的音乐的生成也是多方面的，音乐做为社会的一种现象，它一定是社会的客观反映。在畲族人民常说的“歌言”中，我又立论了畲歌与语言的结合，畲族人认为歌唱就是“歌言”，即以歌表言。声乐艺术离不开语言的咬字发音，语言是歌唱艺术的灵魂。没有语言就不能塑造深刻丰富的音乐形象。最后确立了畲家无处不唱歌，人们以歌代言，以歌为媒、以歌通灵，畲歌表现在社会生活的方方面面。本人通过资料调研和实地调研相结合的方法，，遵循历史与逻辑相统一的原则，对畲歌艺术的发声技巧和演唱特色进行了认真地探讨。先从理论上介绍民歌的原生态和次生态，然后引出畲歌的原生态中三种不同的发声状态，得出了畲歌最具特色的发声技巧——假声，对假声的产生和演变，主要从三个方面做了文化上的阐述，一是民间风俗的影响，二是民族心理素质的影响，三是地理自然条件的影响。进而从畲族歌手的歌唱形式和习性上分析，阐发其演唱的特色。本文最后一章以凝思的角度介绍了畲歌的现状，对现状的产生从社会和文化上作了分析，对现今畲歌的创新和发展提出了自己的想法，其间探讨了正确把握民族音乐的继承和发展，并提出从思想上、行动上解决的办法。
[Abstract]:She nationality is a nation with its own language and no characters of its own. They pass on their own thoughts and their feelings depend on 'song words'. That is, the folk songs. The cultural characteristics of the she nationality are mainly reflected in the folk songs, folk songs is precisely a very good carrier. She people communicate with each other mostly in the form of songs, which reflects the historical, political, economic, production, life and local customs of the she nationality in a concentrated and vivid way. She nationality people in the long-term hearing and singing practice, formed the characteristics of the ancient she song singing. Therefore, I think the value of the she song singing characteristics. On the one hand, it is in the ethnomusicology, because the art comes from the life, it can show the history, the psychological quality, the folk custom of the she nationality people truthfully. Geographical environment, on the other hand, is inseparable from the whole cultural background of the nation. The exploration of she songs has the value of vocal music in order to enrich the Chinese nation's art of singing. This paper first from the perspective of history macro bird 's-eye view of the evolution of she songs, put forward the origin of the she nationality music, and then from two aspects to analyze the first is natural, for the she nationality in the environment. The she nationality advocates that the imitation of birds' singing in nature is the origin of vocalization. Second, the society, a nation its music generation is also a variety of aspects, music as a social phenomenon, it must be an objective reflection of society. I also discussed the combination of she songs and language, she people believe that singing is "song words", that is to say, the art of vocal music can not be separated from the pronunciation of pronunciation of words in language. Language is the soul of singing art. Without language, we can not create a profound and rich musical image. She songs are reflected in all aspects of social life. Through the combination of data research and field research, I follow the principle of the unity of history and logic. This paper discusses the vocal skills and singing characteristics of she song art. Firstly, it introduces the original and secondary ecology of folk songs in theory, and then leads to three different vocal states in the original ecology of she songs. She song the most distinctive voice skills-false sound, the emergence and evolution of the false sound, mainly from three aspects of the cultural elaboration, one is the influence of folk customs, the second is the influence of national psychological quality. The third is the influence of geographical natural conditions, and then analyzes the singing forms and habits of the singers of she nationality, and explains the characteristics of their singing. The last chapter of this paper introduces the present situation of she songs from the point of view of thinking, analyzes the emergence of the present situation from the social and cultural point of view, and puts forward his own ideas for the innovation and development of the she songs. Meanwhile, the author discusses the inheritance and development of folk music, and puts forward some ways to solve it in thought and action.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：J616

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