土家族上梁歌的音乐文化研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 12:47
【摘要】：土家族民俗歌因上梁歌而闻名遐迩,围绕这种音乐文化的产生和来源对今后的影响,来研究上梁歌是反映土家族广大劳动人民的心声,表现出人们对社会情感,也是在反映土家族人们思想和民间精神风貌,具有一定的现实意义。 本文以土家族上梁歌的音乐文化为主要研究对象,首先概述了上梁歌的起源与发展,对土家族上梁歌音乐文化研究从形态描述中,一一描述上梁歌在仪式中表演所需的全部歌词,试图客观真实的再现土家族的上梁歌的仪式;其次对上梁歌音乐文化认同和行为进行文化解读,研究了上梁歌表演中口传和文本的关系,文本限制上梁歌口传的创作主观性和文本丰富上梁歌表演口传文化的发展；之后对上梁歌的音乐表现作出研究,分析了上梁歌的数词与色彩语言,上梁歌非语言系统的民俗性通过对上梁歌的行为符号、实物符号来做出概述；再次讲到上梁歌的原始宗教精气神灵信仰,对上梁中的神歌、空间神化的审美体现、空间神性,命象祈求、自然取象,人神融合、人即自然,人神相通这些分类做出不同的研究,最后从上梁歌音乐文化的旋律特点和歌唱方法两方面来分析做出研究。从上梁歌的起源发展到多个层面的分析,来思考土家族的上梁歌的意义和价值,有着一定的积极作用。 而随着社会经济的不断发展,人们生活水平不断的提高,土家族传统的居住方式发生了变化,传统的建房习俗的生存空间不断萎缩,乃至出现了生存危机的境况,而频危的上梁歌音乐文化,首先,具有相当的史料价值,土家族的上梁歌作为民族性的文化传承,由古至今皆有相关文献对其进行记载,为相关研究提供了一定的文献参考,但多数资料仅是记述过程,未进行深入研究。本课题在前人研究上梁歌的基础上,对上梁歌的音乐“文化”进行了深度挖掘。这有助于我们了解土家人的风土习俗,了解作为“非物质文化遗产”的上梁歌背后掩藏的特有的“文化烙印”和“民族生存”之路,亦为今后的研究提供有力的参考。上梁歌的底蕴是对生活的向往与创造,渗透着非常浓郁的民俗文化、空间神化、审美文化,涵盖着土家族人们求生存避害、祈福、趋疾、保平安的全过程。其形式独具魅力,文化底蕴极其深厚,尤其是其体现出众多的文化功能,如审美功能、生存功能、文化功能、音乐功能等等。土家族上梁歌正在失去传统的传承环境与方式而濒临消亡,这种音乐文化习俗在我国其它民族中已经很少见,在土家族这种建房仪式所唱的音乐文化即将消失之际,本文记录这些信息,这对于研究我国民族音乐文化无疑是非常宝贵的资料,上梁歌的音乐文化是土家人长期文化积累的结果,也是了解土家族的民族心理,探讨土家族文化的一个重要窗口。可鉴于现今此专项研究文献少,该领域呈现出对填补空白的需要,所以,本课题研究具非常重要的学术及研究价值。
[Abstract]:The folk songs of Tujia nationality are famous for their songs in the Liang Dynasty. The study of the folk songs of the Tujia nationality reflects the aspirations of the working people of the Tujia nationality and shows the people's feelings towards the society around the generation and source of the music culture. It is also a reflection of Tujia people's thoughts and folk spirit, which has certain practical significance. This paper takes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song as the main research object, first of all, it summarizes the origin and development of the Shangliang song, and describes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song from the form description. Describe all the lyrics needed to perform the song in the ceremony, trying to objectively and truly reproduce the ceremony of the Tujia people; Secondly, it interprets the cultural identity and behavior of Shangliang song music, studies the relationship between oral transmission and text in Shangliang song performance, limits the creation subjectivity of Shangliang song oral transmission and enriches the development of Shangliang song performance oral culture. After that, the author studies the music performance of the song, and analyzes the numeral and color language of the song. The folk custom of the non-language system of the song is summarized by the behavioral symbol and the physical symbol of the song. Again speaking of the original religion of the Song of the Shang Liang, the belief of spirit, spirit and spirit, the aesthetic embodiment of the divine song in the upper beam, the aesthetic embodiment of the deification of space, the supplication of the divinity of space, the supplication of nature, the fusion of man and god, and the combination of man and God, man is nature. People and gods communicate with each other to make different research. Finally, the melody characteristics and singing methods of the music culture of Shangliang Song are analyzed and studied. From the origin of Shangliang Song to the analysis of many aspects, it has a certain positive effect to think about the significance and value of Tujia Shangliang Song. With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the traditional living style of Tujia nationality has changed, the living space of traditional house building custom has been shrinking, and even the situation of survival crisis has appeared. The frequently endangered music culture of Shangliang Song, first of all, has considerable historical value. As a cultural heritage of nationality, Tujia Shangliang Song has been recorded by relevant documents from ancient times to now, which provides a certain literature reference for relevant research. However, most of the data are only descriptive process and have not been studied in depth. On the basis of the previous research on Shangliang song, this paper deeply excavates the music "culture" of Shangliang song. This is helpful for us to understand the customs of the Tujia people, to understand the unique "cultural imprint" and "national survival" hidden behind the "intangible cultural heritage", and to provide a strong reference for future research. The essence of the song is the yearning for and creation of life, permeating the very rich folk culture, space deification, aesthetic culture, covering the Tujia people seeking survival, blessing, disease, and the whole process of peace. Its form has the unique charm, the cultural background is extremely deep, especially it embodies many cultural functions, such as aesthetic function, survival function, cultural function, music function and so on. Tujia Shangliang song is losing its traditional environment and way of passing on and is on the verge of extinction. This musical cultural custom is very rare among other nationalities in our country. At a time when the music culture of the Tujia nationality's house-building ceremony is about to disappear, This paper records this information, which is undoubtedly very valuable for the study of Chinese folk music culture. The music culture of Shangliang Song is the result of the accumulation of the Tujia people's long-term culture, and it is also the understanding of the Tujia nationality's national psychology. To explore an important window of Tujia culture. In view of the lack of research literature and the need to fill the gap, this research has very important academic and research value.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J607
本文编号：2329148
[Abstract]:The folk songs of Tujia nationality are famous for their songs in the Liang Dynasty. The study of the folk songs of the Tujia nationality reflects the aspirations of the working people of the Tujia nationality and shows the people's feelings towards the society around the generation and source of the music culture. It is also a reflection of Tujia people's thoughts and folk spirit, which has certain practical significance. This paper takes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song as the main research object, first of all, it summarizes the origin and development of the Shangliang song, and describes the music culture of the Tujia Shangliang song from the form description. Describe all the lyrics needed to perform the song in the ceremony, trying to objectively and truly reproduce the ceremony of the Tujia people; Secondly, it interprets the cultural identity and behavior of Shangliang song music, studies the relationship between oral transmission and text in Shangliang song performance, limits the creation subjectivity of Shangliang song oral transmission and enriches the development of Shangliang song performance oral culture. After that, the author studies the music performance of the song, and analyzes the numeral and color language of the song. The folk custom of the non-language system of the song is summarized by the behavioral symbol and the physical symbol of the song. Again speaking of the original religion of the Song of the Shang Liang, the belief of spirit, spirit and spirit, the aesthetic embodiment of the divine song in the upper beam, the aesthetic embodiment of the deification of space, the supplication of the divinity of space, the supplication of nature, the fusion of man and god, and the combination of man and God, man is nature. People and gods communicate with each other to make different research. Finally, the melody characteristics and singing methods of the music culture of Shangliang Song are analyzed and studied. From the origin of Shangliang Song to the analysis of many aspects, it has a certain positive effect to think about the significance and value of Tujia Shangliang Song. With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the traditional living style of Tujia nationality has changed, the living space of traditional house building custom has been shrinking, and even the situation of survival crisis has appeared. The frequently endangered music culture of Shangliang Song, first of all, has considerable historical value. As a cultural heritage of nationality, Tujia Shangliang Song has been recorded by relevant documents from ancient times to now, which provides a certain literature reference for relevant research. However, most of the data are only descriptive process and have not been studied in depth. On the basis of the previous research on Shangliang song, this paper deeply excavates the music "culture" of Shangliang song. This is helpful for us to understand the customs of the Tujia people, to understand the unique "cultural imprint" and "national survival" hidden behind the "intangible cultural heritage", and to provide a strong reference for future research. The essence of the song is the yearning for and creation of life, permeating the very rich folk culture, space deification, aesthetic culture, covering the Tujia people seeking survival, blessing, disease, and the whole process of peace. Its form has the unique charm, the cultural background is extremely deep, especially it embodies many cultural functions, such as aesthetic function, survival function, cultural function, music function and so on. Tujia Shangliang song is losing its traditional environment and way of passing on and is on the verge of extinction. This musical cultural custom is very rare among other nationalities in our country. At a time when the music culture of the Tujia nationality's house-building ceremony is about to disappear, This paper records this information, which is undoubtedly very valuable for the study of Chinese folk music culture. The music culture of Shangliang Song is the result of the accumulation of the Tujia people's long-term culture, and it is also the understanding of the Tujia nationality's national psychology. To explore an important window of Tujia culture. In view of the lack of research literature and the need to fill the gap, this research has very important academic and research value.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J607
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