老年人在宅养老的室内空间与装饰研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 20:35

【摘要】：最近几年的人文社科学术上广泛出现一个词语“银色浪潮”，这一词语是对老年人群形象化的称呼。当今国际社会除了对环境污染问题、人权问题、经济发展问题等热门话题关注外，社会老龄化问题也越来越受到政府与学者的关注。在社会老龄化像病毒一样肆意蔓延的今天，您是否考虑过自己的养老问题？您又希望如何度过自己的晚年生活呢？这一系列问题迫切的摆在我们的面前，值得深思……。问题的提出不仅仅涉及现有老年人还针对即将步入老年行列的人们，它关系到我们每个人、每个家庭甚至整个社会的问题。因为，每个人都会有牙齿掉光、行动不便的那一天。随着社会科技的发展，老年人对物质与精神品质的需求越来越高，特别是每天生活所面对的环境也提出新的质量要求。在这样的需求背景下，在他们的居住空间设计中充分关怀和考虑他们的需求，应用无障碍和包容性的设计理念为老人提供居住空间更好的服务是本课题研究的重点。本课题研究以65岁以上生活能够自理的老人住宅空间为对象。通过对文献资料的大量阅读和归纳整合，基本理清中外养老模式历史发展的演变过程，以及在这一过程中出现的各类问题和各国的解决方案，发现养老模式由传统家庭养老到社会养老再回归到以家庭养老为主的发展轨迹，，发现社会养老为辅的新型养老模式——在宅养老。在宅养老由家庭和社会共同承担，在解决养老问题所带来的巨大经济负担的同时，还能让老年人在自己熟悉的环境中安享晚年。在宅养老中老年人的主要活动空间即居住空间，通过分析研究老年人的生理和心理、行为变化之后，以关于老年人设计的相关理论为基础，总结分析出适用于在宅养老的住宅室内户型、物理空间环境、空间装饰构成要素特点。本文将以中外养老模式的历史发展为研究的切入点，结合相关的研究理论，提出合理的老人在宅养老室内中住宅空间类型和装饰手法。根据住宅空间的使用功能性、物理环境（声、光、热、色）和装饰要素（家具、织物、绿植）提出适合老年人住宅空间的装饰特点，旨在构建实用、安全、包容的老年人住宅室内生活空间，实现“老有所敬、老有所学、老有所用、老有所乐、老有所医、老有所养、老有所终”的居家养老模式。这既符合传统观念又使老年人得到更好的照顾。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there has been a term "silver wave" in humanities and social sciences, which is a visual term for the elderly. In addition to environmental pollution, human rights, economic development and other hot topics, the aging of society has been paid more and more attention by the government and scholars. In the aging society like a virus wantonly spread today, whether you have considered their own pension problem? How do you want to spend your old age? This series of problems is in front of us urgently, it is worth pondering. The problem not only involves the old people, but also the people who are going to step into the old age. It concerns every one of us, every family and even the whole society. Because, each person will have the tooth to fall out, the day that movement is incapacitated. With the development of social science and technology, the demand for material and spiritual quality of the elderly is higher and higher, especially the environment of daily life is also put forward new quality requirements. Under the background of this kind of demand, it is the focal point of this study to fully care for and consider their needs in the design of their living space, and to provide better service for the elderly by using the idea of barrier-free and inclusive design. The research object of this subject is the living space of the elderly over 65 years old who can take care of themselves. Through the extensive reading and integration of the literature, we can basically understand the evolution process of the Chinese and foreign pension model, as well as the various kinds of problems and the solutions of various countries in this process. It is found that the old-age model changes from the traditional family old-age to the social old-age and then returns to the development track of the family-oriented old-age care, and a new type of old-age model supplemented by the social old-age support is found, which is the old-age care in the home. The family and the society share the responsibility of the family and the society, while solving the huge financial burden brought about by the pension problem, the elderly can also enjoy their old age in the familiar environment. The main activity space of the elderly in the home for the aged is living space. After analyzing and studying the physiological and psychological and behavioral changes of the elderly, it is based on the related theories about the design of the elderly. This paper summarizes and analyzes the characteristics of indoor household type, physical space environment and space decoration which are suitable for providing for the aged in residence. This paper will take the historical development of Chinese and foreign pension model as the starting point of the research, combined with the relevant research theory, put forward a reasonable residential space types and decoration techniques in the house for the aged. According to the use function of residential space, physical environment (sound, light, heat, color) and decoration elements (furniture, fabric, green planting), the paper puts forward the decorative characteristics suitable for the elderly residential space, in order to construct practical and safe. Tolerance of the elderly residential indoor living space, the realization of "the elderly have respect, old learning, old have use, old have fun, old have medical care, the elderly have a sense of security, the old have the end of the old" home pension model. This is in line with traditional ideas and makes the elderly better care.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU238.2;TU241.93

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